Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Soil Organic Carbon in Spruce-fir broad-leaved Mixed Forest on North Slope of Changbai Mountains

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2022.04.003

Ecology and Environment ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (4): 663-669.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2022.04.003

• Research Articles • Previous Articles Next Articles

Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Soil Organic Carbon in Spruce-fir broad-leaved Mixed Forest on North Slope of Changbai Mountains

DU Xue(), WANG Haiyan^*(), ZOU Jiahe, MENG Hai, ZHAO Han, CUI Xue, DONG Qiqi

College of Forestry/The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China

Received:2021-09-02 Online:2022-04-18 Published:2022-06-22
Contact: WANG Haiyan

长白山北坡云冷杉阔叶混交林土壤有机碳分布特征及其影响因素

杜雪(), 王海燕^*(), 邹佳何, 孟海, 赵晗, 崔雪, 董齐琪

北京林业大学林学院/森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,北京 100083

通讯作者: 王海燕
作者简介:杜雪（1996年生）,女,硕士研究生,研究方向为土壤学。E-mail: duxue_my@126.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划重点专项(2017YFC0504002)

Abstract

Abstract:

Forest soil carbon pools play an important role in terrestrial ecosystems and are of great significance for maintaining global carbon balance, regulating global carbon cycle, and reducing atmospheric CO₂ concentration. As the most important component of forest soil carbon pools, forest soil organic carbon (SOC) is the key factor in regulating forest soil fertility, productivity, and nutrient availability by providing energy and nutrients for tree growth and soil microorganisms. The spruce-fir broad-leaved mixed forests in Wangqing Forestry Bureau of Jilin Province were taken as the research object, two 1-ha plots with cutting intensities of 6.29% and 11.22% were selected to explore the distribution characteristics of the SOC content and stock under different cutting intensities at varied soil depths, and to analyze the correlation and gray correlation degree between SOC and soil physico-chemical properties. The results showed that SOC accumulated in the 0-20 cm soil. With the increase of soil depth, the SOC content and stock along soil profile decreased gradually with a moderate spatial variability. The soil C/N ratio of the two plots was higher than the global average, and showed an upward trend with an increase of soil depth. The SOC had a significant or highly significant positive correlation with soil total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and available phosphorus, a highly significant negative correlation with soil bulk density (P<0.01), and no significant correlation with soil pH and readily available potassium (P>0.05). The relationship between soil physico-chemical properties and SOC content was high. The SOC in spruce-fir broad-leaved mixed forests showed surface accumulation, and was greatly affected by soil total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus content, and soil bulk density. There were highly significant differences in organic carbon content and stock between plots and among various soil depths.

Key words: soil organic carbon, carbon storage, spruce-fir broad-leaved mixed forest, C/N ratio, soil total nitrogen, influencing factor

摘要：

森林土壤碳库在陆地生态系统中发挥着重要作用,对于维持全球碳平衡、调节全球碳循环和降低大气CO₂浓度等具有重要意义。森林土壤有机碳（SOC）是森林土壤碳库中最重要的组成部分,是调节森林土壤肥力和生产力、养分有效性的关键因素,为林木和土壤微生物生长提供能量和营养物质。以吉林汪清林业局云冷杉阔叶混交林为研究对象,选择采伐强度分别为6.29%和11.22%,面积为1 hm²的两块样地,探究不同采伐强度和土壤深度下土壤有机碳含量和储量的分布特征,并分析土壤有机碳与土壤理化性质之间的相关性和灰色关联度,以期揭示长白山北坡森林土壤有机碳分布规律。结果表明：土壤有机碳在0—20 cm土层均出现积聚现象;随土层深度增加,土壤有机碳含量和储量逐渐降低,且其空间变异程度均为中等。在0—20 cm和20—40 cm土层中,土壤有机碳含量和碳储量均表现为样地Ⅱ(采伐强度为11.22%)>样地Ⅰ(采伐强度为6.29%)。两块样地土壤C/N均高于全球土壤C/N均值,且随土壤深度增加呈现上升趋势。土壤有机碳与全氮、全磷、有效磷呈显著或极显著正相关关系,与土壤密度呈极显著负相关（P<0.01）。不同土壤理化性质与土壤有机碳含量的关联程度均较高。该研究表明云冷杉阔叶混交林土壤有机碳具有表聚性,且受土壤全氮、全磷、有效磷含量和土壤密度等影响较大,不同样地及不同土壤深度之间有机碳含量和储量差异极显著。

关键词: 土壤有机碳, 碳储量, 云冷杉阔叶混交林, 碳氮比, 土壤全氮, 影响因素

CLC Number:

S718.5
X144

DU Xue, WANG Haiyan, ZOU Jiahe, MENG Hai, ZHAO Han, CUI Xue, DONG Qiqi. Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Soil Organic Carbon in Spruce-fir broad-leaved Mixed Forest on North Slope of Changbai Mountains[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2022, 31(4): 663-669.

杜雪, 王海燕, 邹佳何, 孟海, 赵晗, 崔雪, 董齐琪. 长白山北坡云冷杉阔叶混交林土壤有机碳分布特征及其影响因素[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(4): 663-669.

Figures/Tables 7

References 34

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样地 Plot	海拔Elevation/ m	坡度 Slope/ (°)	坡向Slope aspect	采伐强度 Thinning intensity/ %	蓄积量 Volume/ (m³∙hm^-2)	林分密度 Stand density/ (plant∙hm^-2)	郁闭度 Canopy density	平均树高 Average tree height/ m	平均胸径 Mean DBH/ cm
Ⅰ	732	5	东北	6.29	201.0	1167	0.75	11.4	12.3
Ⅱ	769	5	东北	11.22	218.1	1301	0.65	13.6	13.7

样地 Plot	海拔Elevation/ m	坡度 Slope/ (°)	坡向Slope aspect	采伐强度 Thinning intensity/ %	蓄积量 Volume/ (m³∙hm^-2)	林分密度 Stand density/ (plant∙hm^-2)	郁闭度 Canopy density	平均树高 Average tree height/ m	平均胸径 Mean DBH/ cm
Ⅰ	732	5	东北	6.29	201.0	1167	0.75	11.4	12.3
Ⅱ	769	5	东北	11.22	218.1	1301	0.65	13.6	13.7

样地 Plot	土层深度 Soil depth/ cm	最小值 Min/ (g∙kg^-1)	最大值 Max/ (g∙kg^-1)	均值 Mean/ (g∙kg^-1)	标准差 Standard deviation/ (g∙kg^-1)	偏度 Skewness	峰度 Kurtosis	变异系数 CV/%
Ⅰ	0‒20	37.28	134.99	70.53	21.00	0.82	0.16	29.78
Ⅰ	20‒40	19.78	92.29	35.26	13.84	1.95	4.43	39.26
Ⅱ	0‒20	44.92	136.30	83.98	23.65	0.50	-0.69	28.16
Ⅱ	20‒40	18.76	75.96	45.06	13.27	0.60	-0.43	29.46

样地 Plot	土层深度 Soil depth/ cm	最小值 Min/ (g∙kg^-1)	最大值 Max/ (g∙kg^-1)	均值 Mean/ (g∙kg^-1)	标准差 Standard deviation/ (g∙kg^-1)	偏度 Skewness	峰度 Kurtosis	变异系数 CV/%
Ⅰ	0‒20	37.28	134.99	70.53	21.00	0.82	0.16	29.78
Ⅰ	20‒40	19.78	92.29	35.26	13.84	1.95	4.43	39.26
Ⅱ	0‒20	44.92	136.30	83.98	23.65	0.50	-0.69	28.16
Ⅱ	20‒40	18.76	75.96	45.06	13.27	0.60	-0.43	29.46

样地 Plot	土层深度 Soil depth/cm	最小值 Min/(t∙hm^-2)	最大值 Max/(t∙hm^-2)	均值 Mean/(t∙hm^-2)	标准差 Standard deviation/(t∙hm^-2)	偏度 Skewness	峰度 Kurtosis	变异系数 CV/%
Ⅰ	0‒20	48.28	226.78	117.46	33.12	0.34	0.42	28.20
	20‒40	37.47	236.53	75.76	29.25	2.58	10.04	38.61
	0‒40	103.99	345.73	193.21	47.92	0.75	0.91	24.80
Ⅱ	0‒20	71.84	291.85	136.97	46.28	0.90	0.86	33.79
	20‒40	37.99	198.49	92.29	25.38	1.23	2.77	27.50
	0‒40	139.87	490.33	229.26	62.06	1.32	2.79	27.07

Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Soil Organic Carbon in Spruce-fir broad-leaved Mixed Forest on North Slope of Changbai Mountains

长白山北坡云冷杉阔叶混交林土壤有机碳分布特征及其影响因素

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Figures/Tables 7

References 34

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样地 Plot	土层深度 Soil depth/cm	全氮 Total nitrogen			碳氮比 C/N
样地 Plot	土层深度 Soil depth/cm	均值 Mean/(g∙kg^-1)	标准差 Standard deviation/(g∙kg^-1)	变异系数 CV/%	均值 Mean	标准差 Standard deviation	变异系数 CV/%
Ⅰ	0‒20	4.39	2.07	47.13	17.44	4.58	26.25
Ⅰ	20‒40	1.70	0.92	54.01	24.74	12.76	51.59
Ⅱ	0‒20	4.51	1.41	31.27	19.23	4.28	22.24
Ⅱ	20‒40	2.33	0.99	42.60	22.58	18.86	83.50

配对组 Paired group	指标 Indicator	均值±标准差 Mean±Standard deviation		配对差值均值±标准差 Paired difference mean±standard deviation	t	P
配对组 Paired group	指标 Indicator	配对1 Group 1	配对2 Group 2	配对差值均值±标准差 Paired difference mean±standard deviation	t	P
样地Ⅰ与样地Ⅱ Plot I and Plot II	SOC含量 SOC content	52.89±25.04	64.52±27.32	-11.62±25.31	-6.494	0.000**
	SOC储量 SOC stock	96.61±37.53	114.63±43.45	-18.03±48.17	-5.292	0.000**
	碳氮比 C/N	21.09±10.24	20.90±13.74	0.19±16.67	0.160	0.873
0—20 cm与20—40 cm 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm	SOC含量 SOC content	77.25±23.30	40.16±14.39	37.10±17.85	29.396	0.000**
	SOC储量 SOC stock	127.22±41.32	84.02±28.54	43.19±40.73	14.998	0.000**
	碳氮比 C/N	18.34±4.51	23.66±16.10	-5.32±17.02	-4.423	0.000**

样地 Plot	土层深度 Soil depth/ cm	土壤理化性质 Soil physico-chemical property
样地 Plot	土层深度 Soil depth/ cm	pH值	TN	TP	AP	AK	土壤密度 Soil bulk density
Ⅰ	0-20	0.151	0.702**	0.600**	0.256*	0.108	-0.504**
Ⅰ	20-40	-0.042	0.757**	0.559**	0.310**	0.171	-0.291**
Ⅱ	0-20	0.174	0.880**	0.522**	0.388**	0.065	-0.249*
Ⅱ	20-40	0.085	0.728**	0.630**	0.452**	0.013	-0.500**

样地 Plot	土层深度 Soil depth/cm		pH值	TN	TP	AP	AK	土壤密度 Soil bulk density
Ⅰ	0-20	关联度 Correlation degree	0.7400	0.7238	0.7401	0.7600	0.6192	0.6950
	0-20	排序 Rank	3	4	2	1	6	5
	20-40	关联度 Correlation degree	0.8142	0.7973	0.8239	0.8113	0.7644	0.7352
	20-40	排序 Rank	2	4	1	3	5	6
Ⅱ	0-20	关联度 Correlation degree	0.7741	0.8046	0.6423	0.7698	0.7676	0.7690
	0-20	排序 Rank	2	1	6	3	5	4
	20-40	关联度 Correlation degree	0.7618	0.7771	0.6710	0.7209	0.7191	0.7487
	20-40	排序 Rank	2	1	6	4	5	3

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