Abstract:

Guided by the concept of “lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets”, the development of ecological products and their value realization have become the core measures for the simultaneous advancements of material and ecological civilization construction. The key to effectively promoting the realization of ecological product value lies in the cultivation and promotion of its ability. From the perspective of provincial government, ability evaluation is an important starting point of ability construction. Although a variety of evaluation systems have been published in the field of ecological civilization construction, tools for evaluating the capability to realize the values of ecological products are still needed to be further explored. Through literature and policy review, the study constructs an evaluation index system for ecological product value realization at the provincial level from the perspective of three elements including input capacity, operational capacity and organizational capacity. By using entropy weighted TOPSIS method, 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in mainland China were selected as samples to carry out the empirical evaluation of regional ecological product value realization in 2020. The results showed an agglomeration effect for all the regions. The eastern regions had a significant advantage. For example, Fujian, Beijing, Jiangsu, and Guangdong and some other eastern provinces showed strong capabilities, while the western and northeast regions were relatively disadvantageous. According to their capabilities to realize ecological product values, 31 provinces in China could be divided into high, medium and low levels. The provinces except municipalities in high level areas had relatively small investments, but had greatest advantages in organizational and operational capacities. In terms of the capabilities, provinces ranked medium were good at using government power to lead the development by strengthening investments and operations; the provinces ranked low mainly relied on the operational ability to drive the operation and development of ecological product value realization. On the whole, the comprehensive capabilities in all regions of China were low, and most provinces still had great room for improvement. It is suggested that local governments should adopt differentiated competition strategies to adjust and optimize the value realization mode of ecological products according to their actual conditions and industrial development strategies, so as to promote the continuous improvement of the value realization of ecological products and facilitate high-quality regional development.

Key words: ecological product, value realization of ecological product, entropy weight, TOPSIS, dynamic capability, ability evaluation

摘要：

以“绿水青山就是金山银山”理念为指引，生态产品价值实现发展成为物质文明与生态文明建设同步推进的重要举措之一。生态产品价值实现的有效推进，关键在于其能力的培育与提升。从省域政府的视角，生态产品价值实现能力评价会是其能力建设的一个重要抓手。虽然中国在生态文明建设领域已发布多种评价体系，但在生态产品价值实现能力评价方面却尚在探索阶段。为此，在文献回顾和政策梳理基础上，借鉴动态能力理论，从投入能力、运营能力和组织能力三要素视角构建省域层面生态产品价值实现能力的评价指标体系。采用熵权与TOPSIS方法，以中国大陆31省、市、自治区为样本，进行2020年各省市生态产品价值实现能力的实证评价。研究结果表明，（1）各省市在生态产品价值实现能力上表现出集聚效应，东部地区具有显著的能力优势，尤其是福建、北京、江苏、广东等省市表现出较强的生态产品价值实现能力，西部和东北地区处于相对落后状态。（2）按照能力强弱，全国31省市可以分为高、中、低3个等级，其中高等区的组织能力具有优势，运营能力次之，而投入能力除直辖市外其他省相对较小；中等区省市在发展生态产品价值实现能力上善于借助政府力量，通过加强投入与运营来引领发展；而低等区省市主要依靠运营能力来带动生态产品价值实现机制的运行与发展。（3）整体而言，全国大陆31个省（直辖市、自治区）的生态产品价值实现能力偏低，绝大部分省市都还有很大的提升空间。建议各地方政府根据自身实际情况和产业发展战略，采取差异化竞争策略优化调整生态产品价值实现模式，促进生态产品价值实现能力的持续提升，助力区域高质量发展。

关键词: 生态产品, 生态产品价值实现, 熵权, TOPSIS, 动态能力, 能力评价