生态环境学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (3): 524-534.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2022.03.011

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

合肥市不同功能街道峡谷PM2.5和PM10时空分布特征及影响因素分析

王薇1,2,*(), 程歆玥1   

  1. 1.安徽建筑大学建筑与规划学院,安徽 合肥 230601
    2.安徽建筑大学建成环境与健康重点实验室,安徽 合肥 230601
  • 收稿日期:2021-10-21 出版日期:2022-03-18 发布日期:2022-05-25
  • 通讯作者: *通信作者
  • 作者简介:王薇(1975年生),女,教授,博士,研究方向为建筑技术和人居环境。E-mail: vivi.gan@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(51778001);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0702503);2020年安徽省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(C20046);2019年高校优秀青年骨干人才国内访问研修项目(gxgnfx2019014)

Analysis of Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of PM2.5 and PM10 in Different Functional Street Canyons in Hefei City

WANG Wei1,2,*(), CHENG Xinyue1   

  1. 1. School of Architecture and Planning, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China
    2. Key Laboratory of Built Environment and Health, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China
  • Received:2021-10-21 Online:2022-03-18 Published:2022-05-25

摘要:

以PM2.5和PM10为代表的空气污染对城市居民的生活产生了巨大的影响。街道峡谷是城市的重要构成部分,是城市居民生活的主要场所之一。选择合肥市3种典型功能的街道峡谷,监测PM2.5和PM10质量浓度变化,采用相关分析和回归分析等方法,研究不同功能街道峡谷PM2.5和PM10的差异及其影响因素,并采用空气质量评价模型对其空气质量进行评价。结果表明,(1)街道峡谷PM2.5和PM10质量浓度之间具有较高的相关性,波峰出现在08:00—09:00,波谷多出现在14:00—15:00。PM2.5质量浓度波峰为61.22—73.71 μg∙m-3,波谷为32.73—33.59 μg∙m-3;PM10质量浓度波峰为67.65—85.19 μg∙m-3,波谷为37.35—39.81 μg∙m-3,均位于一级标准极限值上下。(2)合肥市办公型街道峡谷与商业型街道峡谷日变化呈明显的下降型双峰形式,居住型街道峡谷呈平稳型双峰形式。街道峡谷PM2.5和PM10质量浓度:办公型>商业型>居住型。街道峡谷内PM2.5和PM10质量浓度峰值多在下沉广场和次干道,低谷值多在主干道绿化带旁和主次干道交叉口。(3)夏季,合肥市街道峡谷PM2.5质量浓度与PM10质量浓度、相对湿度呈现显著的正相关,与空气温度呈现显著的负相关。(4)运用AQI对合肥市夏季不同功能街道峡谷进行评价,其空气质量级别以优良为主,空气质量级别多分布在一级和二级。该研究对合肥市不同功能街道峡谷的污染物浓度进行对照,为街道峡谷特征功能评估提供了基本参数。

关键词: 街道峡谷, 功能分区, 空气污染, 空气质量评价, PM2.5, PM10

Abstract:

Air pollution, represented by PM2.5 and PM10, has a huge impact on the lives of urban residents. The street canyon is an important part of a city and one of the main places where urban residents live. This paper selects three typical functional street canyons in Hefei to monitor the changes in PM2.5 and PM10 mass concentrations, and uses correlation analyses and regression analyses to study the differences between PM2.5 and PM10 in different functional street canyons and their influencing factors. The air quality evaluation model is used to evaluate the air quality. The results show that: (1) There is a high correlation between the PM2.5 and PM10 in street canyons, with the peaks appearing at 08:00-09:00, and the troughs mostly appearing at 14:00-15:00. The peak of PM2.5 is 61.22-73.71 μg∙m-3, and the trough is 32.73-33.59 μg∙m-3; the peak of PM10 is 67.65-85.19 μg∙m-3, and the trough is 37.35-39.81 μg∙m-3. Both are near the limit of the primary standard. (2) Hefei's street canyons for office and commercial use both show an obvious declining bimodal peak form, and the residential street canyons show a steady bimodal peak form. The concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 in street canyons shows the following pattern: office type>commercial type>residential type. The peaks of PM2.5 and PM10 mass concentrations in street canyons are mostly in sunken squares and secondary arterial roads, and the trough values are mostly near the green belts of the main arterial roads and the intersections of the main and secondary arterial roads. (3) In summer, the PM2.5 mass concentration in the street canyons of Hefei City has a significant positive correlation with the PM10 mass concentration and the relative humidity, and a significant negative correlation with the air temperature. (4) Based on the AQI index, the evaluation results of different functional streets canyons in Hefei during summer show that the air quality levels are mainly excellent, and the air quality levels are mostly distributed in the first and second grades. This study compares the pollutant concentrations of different functional street canyons in Hefei to provide basic parameters for the evaluation of street canyon features.

Key words: street canyon, functional zoning, air pollution, air quality evaluation, PM2.5, PM10

中图分类号: