生态产品流动视角下陕西省横向生态补偿标准核算研究

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2026.07.007

生态环境学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (7): 1059-1071.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2026.07.007

生态产品流动视角下陕西省横向生态补偿标准核算研究

王成军(), 郑阳*()

西安建筑科技大学管理学院，陕西西安 710055

收稿日期:2025-11-29 修回日期:2026-04-10 接受日期:2026-04-25 出版日期:2026-07-18 发布日期:2026-07-17
通讯作者: *郑阳,zyang5300@163.com
作者简介:王成军（1964年生），男，教授，博士，主要从事资源与环境管理研究。E-mail: xauatft@126.com
基金资助:
陕西省公益性地质调查项目(202202)

Research on the Accounting of Horizontal Ecological Compensation Standard in Shaanxi Province from the Perspective of Ecological Product Flow

Wang Chengjun(), Zheng Yang*()

School of Management, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, P. R. China

Received:2025-11-29 Revised:2026-04-10 Accepted:2026-04-25 Online:2026-07-18 Published:2026-07-17

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

建立权责对等的横向生态补偿模式对促进区域间的良性互动和高质量发展具有重要意义。为科学界定横向生态补偿主客体与补偿标准，该研究利用InVEST模型、场强公式、引力模型等算法定量测算陕西省十地市2018－2023年三类关键生态产品（水源涵养、碳固存、土壤保持）物质量和价值量，以揭示其空间流动特征，并构建基于流转价值量与社会经济数据的跨区域生态补偿模型。结果表明，1）2018－2023年陕西省生态产品供给整体呈稳定增长态势，具有“南高北低”的空间分布特征。2）生态产品流转空间格局明确，主要由商洛、汉中、宝鸡、延安、铜川周边地区向西安、咸阳、安康和渭南关中地区流转，其余各市未发生流转；流转强度和流转价值量持续增加。3）陕西省生态补偿总额波动增长，由2.95×10⁹元增至3.21×10⁹元。其中，西安为主要补偿区，承担了80%以上的补偿责任，其资金主要流向商洛；商洛为主要受偿区，受偿金额总体占比超过50%，其资金主要来源于西安。通过量化生态产品流动，清晰界定了陕西省补偿主客体与补偿标准问题，为实施横向生态补偿提供了直接依据，为促进区域生态与经济可持续发展提供参考模式。

关键词: 横向生态补偿, 生态系统服务流, 补偿标准, 陕西省

Abstract:

It is of great significance to establish a horizontal ecological compensation model with equal rights and responsibilities to promote benign interaction and high-quality development among regions. To scientifically define the subject and object of horizontal ecological compensation and compensation standards, the InVEST model, field strength formula and gravity model were used to quantitatively measure the quality and value of three types of key ecological products (water conservation, carbon sequestration and soil conservation) in ten cities of Shaanxi Province from 2018 to 2023, so as to reveal their spatial flow characteristics and construct a cross-regional ecological compensation model based on circulation value and socio-economic data. The results show that: 1) from 2018 to 2023, the overall supply of ecological products in Shaanxi Province showed a steady growth trend, characterized by a “high in the south, low in the north” spatial distribution. 2) The spatial pattern of ecological product circulation is clear, mainly from the surrounding areas of Shangluo, Hanzhong, Baoji, Yan’an and Tongchuan to Xi’an, Xianyang, Ankang and Weinan Guanzhong areas, and the rest of the cities have not been transferred; the circulation intensity and circulation value continue to increase. 3) The total amount of ecological compensation in Shaanxi Province increased from 2.95 billion yuan to 3.21 billion yuan. Among them, Xi’an was the main compensation area, bearing more than 80% of the compensation responsibility, and its funds mainly flowed to Shangluo; Shangluo was the main compensation area, and the total amount of compensation accounted for more than 50%. Its funds mainly came from Xi’an. By quantifying the flow of ecological products, the subject and object of compensation and compensation standards in Shaanxi Province are clearly defined, which provides a direct basis for the implementation of horizontal ecological compensation and a reference model for promoting regional ecological and economic sustainable development.

Key words: horizontal ecological compensation, ecosystem service flow, compensation standard, Shaanxi Province

中图分类号:

X321

王成军, 郑阳. 生态产品流动视角下陕西省横向生态补偿标准核算研究[J]. 生态环境学报, 2026, 35(7): 1059-1071.

Wang Chengjun, Zheng Yang. Research on the Accounting of Horizontal Ecological Compensation Standard in Shaanxi Province from the Perspective of Ecological Product Flow[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2026, 35(7): 1059-1071.

图/表 9

图1 研究区概况本图基于自然资源部下载的标准地图绘制，审图号为GS（2023）2767号；底图边界无修改，后续图示均遵循此原则

Figure 1 Overview of the study area

图2 研究框架

Figure 2 Research framework

图3 陕西省生态产品供给量

Figure 3 Supply of ecological products in Shaanxi Province

图4 陕西省生态产品需求量

Figure 4 Demand for ecological products in Shaanxi Province

图5 陕西省生态产品价值量

Figure 5 Value of ecological products in Shaanxi Province

图6 陕西省生态产品流转范围

Figure 6 The circulation range of ecological products in Shaanxi Province

图7 陕西省生态产品流转强度

Figure 7 The circulation intensity of ecological products in Shaanxi Province

表1 陕西省生态产品流转价值量

Table 1 The circulation value of ecological products in Shaanxi Province

供给区	需求区	流转量/10⁶元
供给区	需求区	2018年	2020年	2023年
铜川市	咸阳市	34.94	38.16	41.72
	渭南市	67.36	72.99	80.01
汉中市	西安市	490.47	532.71	617.15
	安康市	7.62	－	－
宝鸡市	西安市	415.97	445.04	503.70
	咸阳市	4.34	4.88	6.81
	安康市	5.10	－	－
延安市	咸阳市	217.94	240.22	246.59
	渭南市	1.19	8.83	4.89
商洛市	西安市	1103.22	1209.97	1351.09
	渭南市	501.68	553.45	631.02
	安康市	1.59	－	－
流转总价值/亿元		28.57	31.06	34.83

图8 陕西省生态补偿标准

Figure 8 Transfer of ecological compensation funds in Shaanxi Province

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生态产品流动视角下陕西省横向生态补偿标准核算研究

Research on the Accounting of Horizontal Ecological Compensation Standard in Shaanxi Province from the Perspective of Ecological Product Flow

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