生态环境学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 514-524.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2023.03.009
收稿日期:
2022-11-22
出版日期:
2023-03-18
发布日期:
2023-06-02
作者简介:
吴雅睿(1984年生),女,副教授,博士,主要从事环境监测与治理研究。E-mail: wuyarui@xust.edu.cn
基金资助:
WU Yarui1(), WANG Meijing1, WANG Tao1,2, YANG Meihuan1
Received:
2022-11-22
Online:
2023-03-18
Published:
2023-06-02
摘要:
二氧化氮(NO2)是重要的大气污染物之一,其浓度水平主要受人类活动影响。2020年初新冠疫情发生,人民生产生活受到限制,进而对NO2的排放产生了重要影响。陕西省作为丝绸之路向西推进的前沿、“一带一路”战略中的黄金要地,开展新冠疫情背景下NO2时空变化特征及其所反映的社会经济活动变化,对于科学认识陕西省人类活动与污染物之间的相互关系具有重要意义。以陕西省为例,在2020年1月21日-2022年1月22日期间选取同比期、环比期、疫情期I、疫情期II共4个重要时段,基于目前技术性能最先进、空间分辨率最高的TropOMI数据,利用标准化社会经济活动指数(SSEI)、NO2减排效应估算等方法,开展了陕西省新冠疫情对NO2时空分布特征和社会经济活动影响研究。结果表明,(1)地面监测NO2浓度与TropOMI反演的NO2柱浓度呈现较好的正相关关系,利用TropOMI反演的对流层NO2柱浓度数据具有较高可靠性。(2)疫情期I陕西省对流层NO2柱浓度较同比期和环比期分别下降39.15%和55.99%,较疫情期II下降59.29%。新冠疫情导致陕西省对流层NO2柱浓度高的地区下降明显,而低的地区受影响相对较小。对流层NO2柱浓度在空间上总体表现为关中地区和陕北北部及城市周边高于其他地区的分布特征。(3)陕西省社会经济活动受疫情管控影响较大。2020、2021、2022年春节前5周至春节后7周共13周的SSEI总体变化趋势保持一致。2020年疫情期I陕西省SSEI明显低于2021年同时段无疫情时期和2022年疫情期II。研究结论认为NO2变化与人类活动关系密切,利用TropOMI遥感反演的NO2浓度数据可用于开展大范围、多尺度的社会经济活动评价。
中图分类号:
吴雅睿, 王美景, 王涛, 杨梅焕. 新冠疫情下NO2时空变化特征——以陕西省为例[J]. 生态环境学报, 2023, 32(3): 514-524.
WU Yarui, WANG Meijing, WANG Tao, YANG Meihuan. Effect of COVID-19 on Temporal and Spatial Distribution of NO2 Concentration and Socio-Economic Life: A Case Study of Shaanxi Province[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(3): 514-524.
图2 西安市(a)、渭南市(b)、榆林市(c)遥感反演对流层NO2柱浓度与地面监测浓度相关性
Figure 2 Linear fitting of NO2 retrieved from remote sensing and ground monitoring value in Xi'an (a), Weinan (b) and Yulin (c) city, respectively
图3 陕西省各地市疫情期I、同比期、环比期、疫情期II对流层NO2柱浓度柱状图
Figure 3 Histogram of concentrations in epidemic phase I, year-on-year period, the sequential period and the epidemic phase II in Shaanxi Province
图4 陕西省各地市疫情期 I较同比期、环比期、疫情期 II对流层NO2柱浓度下降率柱状图
Figure 4 Histogram of the decrease rate of epidemic phase I compared with the year-on-year period, the sequential period and the epidemic phase II in Shaanxi Province
图6 陕西省疫情期I较同比期、环比期、疫情期II对流层NO2柱浓度变化空间分布
Figure 6 Spatial distribution of tropospheric NO2 column concentration during epidemic period I compared with the year-on-year period, the sequential period and the epidemic period II in Shaanxi province
阶段 | 估算柱浓度/ (10-4 mol∙m-2) | 实际柱浓度/ (10-4 mol∙m-2) | 减排估算 柱浓度/ (10-4 mol∙m-2) | 减排量占实际柱浓度比重/ % |
---|---|---|---|---|
疫情期I | 0.32 | 0.27 | 0.05 | 18.44 |
疫情期II | 0.69 | 0.67 | 0.02 | 2.41 |
表1 陕西省对流层NO2柱浓度估计值与实际值对比
Table 1 Comparison between the estimated and actual tropospheric NO2 column concentration in Shaanxi Province
阶段 | 估算柱浓度/ (10-4 mol∙m-2) | 实际柱浓度/ (10-4 mol∙m-2) | 减排估算 柱浓度/ (10-4 mol∙m-2) | 减排量占实际柱浓度比重/ % |
---|---|---|---|---|
疫情期I | 0.32 | 0.27 | 0.05 | 18.44 |
疫情期II | 0.69 | 0.67 | 0.02 | 2.41 |
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