基于丛枝菌根的钒污染土壤修复

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2025.04.012

生态环境学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 631-641.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2025.04.012

• 研究论文【环境科学】 • 上一篇下一篇

基于丛枝菌根的钒污染土壤修复

张淑娟¹(), 陈昕龙¹^,², 亓静凡¹^,², 董月晓¹^,², 于佳正³, 尤朝阳¹^,^*

1.南京工业大学城市建设学院，江苏南京 211816
2.南京宇清环境科技有限公司，江苏南京 211500
3.江苏东源投资有限公司，江苏南京 210029

收稿日期:2024-09-29 出版日期:2025-04-18 发布日期:2025-04-24
通讯作者: ^*
作者简介:张淑娟（1984年生），女，副教授，博士，主要研究方向为基于丛枝菌根的生态修复。E-mail: zhangshujuan525@sina.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(42307474);国家自然科学基金项目(52370099)

Remediation of Soil Polluted with Vanadium Via Arbuscular Mycorrhiza

ZHANG Shujuan¹(), CHEN Xinlong¹^,², QI Jingfan¹^,², DONG Yuexiao¹^,², YU Jiazheng³, YOU Zhaoyang¹^,^*

1. College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
2. Nanjing Yuqing Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Nanjing 211500, P. R. China
3. Jiangsu Dongyuan Investment Co., Ltd, Nanjing 210029, P. R. China

Received:2024-09-29 Online:2025-04-18 Published:2025-04-24

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 丛枝菌根真菌（arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi，AMF）作为一种广泛存在的微生物，已被用于其他重金属修复，但其对于钒污染土壤的修复效果及机理尚不清晰。为探究丛枝菌根修复钒污染土壤规律以及作用机制，以狗尾草（Setaria viridis）为供试植物，选取异形根孢囊霉（Rhizophagus irregularis）为供试AMF菌株，通过接种AMF（+AMF）与不接种AMF（−AMF）的方式形成处理和对照，在轻度（150 mg·kg⁻¹）、中度（500 mg·kg⁻¹）和重度（1000 mg·kg⁻¹）钒污染条件下，进行盆栽试验。结果表明，轻度、中度和重度钒污染土壤中，+AMF组土壤钒质量分数显著低于−AMF组，菌根效应分别为12%、11%和32%；丛枝菌根显著降低了有效态钒质量分数，但菌根效应不同，菌根效应表现为中度（59%）≈重度（48%）>轻度（13%）。丛枝菌根显著提高植物生物量和钒含量，降低了植物钒质量分数。丛枝菌根改善了土壤物理化学结构，增大了土壤团聚体的平均质量直径和平均几何直径，同时提高了土壤总有机碳质量分数，降低了土壤pH；丛枝菌根增加了球囊霉素相关土壤蛋白（glomalin-related soil protein，GRSP）质量分数，其中易提取GRSP菌根效应最大，为150%。丛枝菌根增加了GRSP比表面积，提高了GRSP钒质量分数，最大可达1.2 mg·g⁻¹（+AMF组重度钒污染条件下），为对应土壤钒质量分数的1.9倍，说明基质中的GRSP能够有效螯合土壤中的钒。该研究表明，丛枝菌根在修复钒污染土壤方面具有重要潜力，且GRSP在修复过程中发挥重要作用。

关键词: 丛枝菌根真菌, 土壤钒污染, 球囊霉素相关土壤蛋白, 植物微生物联合修复

Abstract:

The pressing issue of vanadium (V) pollution in Chinese soils requires immediate attention, and combined plant and microbial remediation has been found to play a crucial role in the remediation of V-polluted soils. Microbial agents, such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which are ubiquitous in nature and form arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) in most plants, have been used to remediate heavy metal pollution. However, the effectiveness and underlying mechanisms of AMF in mitigating V-polluted soil remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the patterns and underlying mechanisms of AMF remediation in V-polluted soils. In this study, dog tail grass (Setaria viridis) was used as a test plant and Rhizophagus irregularis served as the selected AMF strain. The experimental design included AMF-inoculated (+AMF) and non-inoculated (−AMF) groups, and pot experiments were conducted at three different levels of V pollution: mild (150 mg·kg⁻¹), moderate (500 mg·kg⁻¹), and severe (1000 mg·kg⁻¹). The results showed that the soil V concentrations in the +AMF groups were significantly lower than those in the −AMF groups in all three cases, with mycorrhizal effects of 12, 11, and 32%, respectively. This may be because AM significantly reduced the concentration of bioavailable vanadium, albeit with varying effects. Specifically, the order of the AM effects, from highest to lowest, was moderate pollution (59%), severe pollution (48%), and mild pollution (13%). AM significantly increased the biomass and V content of the plants and decreased the plant V concentration. In addition, AM improved the physical and chemical properties of the soil by increasing the weight mean diameter, mass geometric diameter, and total organic carbon concentrations, but also by decreasing the soil pH. The presence of AM increased the concentration of glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP), with the strongest AM effect observed for easily extractable GRSP, reaching 150%. Notably, AM led to an increase in the specific surface area of GRSP and a corresponding increase in the V concentration of GRSP, which reached a maximum of 1.2 mg·g⁻¹ under heavy V loading in the +AMF groups. This value was 1.9 times higher than that of the corresponding soil V concentration, indicating the effective sequestration of V in the soil by GRSP within the matrix. These results highlight the significant potential of AM for the remediation of V-polluted soils, with GRSP emerging as a central component of this remediation process.

Key words: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, soil polluted with vanadium, glomalin-related soil protein, plant-microorganism combined remediation

中图分类号:

张淑娟, 陈昕龙, 亓静凡, 董月晓, 于佳正, 尤朝阳. 基于丛枝菌根的钒污染土壤修复[J]. 生态环境学报, 2025, 34(4): 631-641.

ZHANG Shujuan, CHEN Xinlong, QI Jingfan, DONG Yuexiao, YU Jiazheng, YOU Zhaoyang. Remediation of Soil Polluted with Vanadium Via Arbuscular Mycorrhiza[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2025, 34(4): 631-641.

图/表 12

图1 狗尾草根系AMF侵染情况图中A为孢子，B为丛枝，C为菌丝

Figure 1 Root AMF colonization condition of Setaria viridis

表1 狗尾草根系AMF侵染率

Table 1 Root AMF colonization frequency of Setaria viridis

接菌处理	钒污染程度	侵染率/%
+AMF	轻度	45.7 $±$ 2.0a
	中度	38.7 $±$ 0.8b
	重度	28.8 $± 0$ .7c
−AMF	轻度、中度、重度	0

表1 狗尾草根系AMF侵染率

Table 1 Root AMF colonization frequency of Setaria viridis

接菌处理	钒污染程度	侵染率/%
+AMF	轻度	45.7 $±$ 2.0a
	中度	38.7 $±$ 0.8b
	重度	28.8 $± 0$ .7c
−AMF	轻度、中度、重度	0

图2 不同钒污染程度下丛枝菌根对土壤钒质量分数及土壤钒去除率的影响 p (V)：钒污染程度影响的显著性。p (AM)：丛枝菌根影响的显著性。p交互：钒污染程度和丛枝菌根交互影响的显著性。样品重复数n=5。下同

Figure 2 Effects of arbuscular mycorrhiza on soil V concentration and soil V removal efficiency under different soil V levels

图3 不同钒污染程度下丛枝菌根对土壤有效态钒质量分数及土壤有效态钒占比的影响

Figure 3 Effects of arbuscular mycorrhiza on soil available V concentration and soil available V proportion under different soil V levels

表2 不同钒污染程度下丛枝菌根对植物生物量、植物钒质量分数及钒含量的影响

Table 2 Effects of arbuscular mycorrhiza on biomass, V concentration and V content of plants under different soil V levels

植物部位	钒污染程度	生物量/(g·pot⁻¹)		植物钒质量分数/(mg·kg⁻¹)		钒含量/(mg·pot⁻¹)
植物部位	钒污染程度	+AMF	−AMF	+AMF	−AMF	+AMF	−AMF
地上部分	轻度	4.5±0.1	2.5±0.1	4.7±0.6	6.7±0.6	0.021±0.003	0.017±0.001
	中度	3.4±0.3	2.4±0.1	17.0±2.5	22.4±2.9	0.059±0.009	0.054±0.008
	重度	2.9±0.2	1.9±0.2	23.9±2.3	28.4±3.7	0.068±0.004	0.054±0.007
地下部分	轻度	2.4±0.2	1.6±0.4	68.3±13.4	89.0±8.6	0.16±0.03	0.14±0.05
	中度	1.8±0.1	1.1±0.1	127.7±11.9	150.3±13.9	0.23±0.03	0.17±0.01
	重度	1.4±0.1	0.8±0.1	195.0±9.0	257.9±30.6	0.28±0.02	0.21±0.03

表3 不同钒污染程度下丛枝菌根对植物生物量、植物钒质量分数及钒含量影响的显著性检验

Table 3 Significance test on the effects of arbuscular mycorrhiza on biomass, V concentration and V content of plants under different soil V levels

植物部位	显著性检验	生物量	植物钒质量分数	钒含量
地上部分	p_(AM)	*	*	*
	p_(V)	*	*	*
	p_交互	*	ns	ns
地下部分	p_(AM)	*	*	*
	p_(V)	*	*	*
	p_交互	ns	*	ns

图4 不同钒污染程度下丛枝菌根对土壤MWD和GMD的影响

Figure 4 Effects of arbuscular mycorrhiza on soil MWD and GMD under different soil V levels

图5 不同钒污染程度下丛枝菌根对土壤pH的影响

Figure 5 Effect of arbuscular mycorrhiza on soil pH under different soil V levels

图6 不同钒污染程度下丛枝菌根对土壤TOC质量分数的影响

Figure 6 Effects of arbuscular mycorrhiza on soil TOC under different soil V levels

图7 不同钒污染程度下丛枝菌根对土壤GRSP质量分数的影响

Figure 7 Effects of arbuscular mycorrhiza on soil GRSP under different soil V levels

图8 不同钒污染程度下丛枝菌根对GRSP钒质量分数的影响

Figure 8 Effects of arbuscular mycorrhiza on GRSP-V concentration under different soil V levels

图9 不同处理条件下GRSP的SEM图像（10000×）

Figure 9 SEM images of GRSP under different processing conditions (10000×)

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基于丛枝菌根的钒污染土壤修复

Remediation of Soil Polluted with Vanadium Via Arbuscular Mycorrhiza

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