Abundance and Community Structure of Methanotrophs in the Sediment of Cascade Reservoirs in the Upper Yellow River

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2024.08.004

Ecology and Environment ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (8): 1192-1202.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2024.08.004

• Research Article [Ecology] • Previous Articles Next Articles

Abundance and Community Structure of Methanotrophs in the Sediment of Cascade Reservoirs in the Upper Yellow River

WU Yi¹^,²(), MAO Xufeng¹^,²^,^*(), LIU Zebi¹^,², XIA Liang¹^,², JIN Xin¹^,², TANG Wenjia³, YU Hongyan⁴, DU Kai¹^,²

1. Key Laboratory of Surface Process and Ecological Conservation of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau/Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Process of Qinghai Province, Xining 810008, P. R. China
2. School of Geography Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, P. R. China
3. Environmental Monitoring Center, Department of Ecological Environment of Qinghai Province, Xining 810008, P. R. China
4. Qinghai Qilian Mountain National Park Qinghai Service Guarantee Center, Xining 810008, P. R. China

Received:2024-06-28 Online:2024-08-18 Published:2024-09-25

黄河上游梯级水库沉积物甲烷氧化菌丰度和群落结构特征

吴艺¹^,²(), 毛旭锋¹^,²^,^*(), 刘泽碧¹^,², 夏亮¹^,², 金鑫¹^,², 唐文家³, 于红妍⁴, 杜凯¹^,²

1.青藏高原地表过程与生态保育教育部重点实验室/青海省自然地理与环境过程重点实验室，青海西宁 810008
2.青海师范大学地理科学学院，青海西宁 810008
3.青海省生态环境厅生态环境监测中心，青海西宁 810008
4.青海祁连山国家公园青海服务保障中心，青海西宁 810008

通讯作者: *毛旭锋。E-mail: maoxufeng@yeah.net
作者简介:吴艺（1994年生），男，博士研究生，主要研究方向为湿地生态过程。E-mail: mambawu@yeah.net
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(52070108);青海省自然科学基金项目(2024-ZJ-910)

Abstract

Abstract:

Methanotrophs can utilize methane (CH₄) as the only carbon and energy source and play a crucial role in the carbon cycle of ecosystems. This study aimed to investigate the community composition, gene abundance, and influencing factors of methanotrophs in the sediments of ten cascade reservoirs from Dahejia to Longyangxia in the upper Yellow River. The community composition of methanotrophs and pmoA gene abundance in different seasons (Dry and Wet) and reservoir ages (Old and Young) were studied using pmoA gene high-throughput sequencing and fluorescence quantitative PCR. The "rdacca.hp" package and FAPROTAX were used to analyze methanotrophs influencing factors and metabolic functions, respectively. The results showed that 1) Methylocystis (22.70%), Methylobacter (19.00%), and Methylocaldum (7.17%) were the top three genera of methanotrophs in terms of their relative abundance in the sediment of the upper Yellow River. The α and β diversities of the methanotrophs were higher in the wet season than in the dry season (p<0.05), and there were no significant differences among the different reservoir ages (p>0.05). 2) The pmoA gene abundance in the dry season (1.47×10⁵ copies·g⁻¹) was significantly lower than that in the wet season (9.08×10⁵ copies·g⁻¹) (p<0.05). In the dry season, there was a decreasing trend from upstream (3.92×10⁵ copies·g⁻¹) to downstream (0.50×10⁵ copies·g⁻¹). However, an increasing trend from upstream (5.37×10⁵ copies·g⁻¹) to downstream (26.52×10⁵ copies·g⁻¹) was observed in the wet season. 3) Water total organic carbon (19.31%), total nitrogen (16.40%), sediment temperature (13.03%), and pH (10.40%) were important environmental factors affecting the composition of the methanotrophic communities. Methanotrophy, methylotrophy, hydrocarbon degradation, and chemoheterotrophy were the main metabolic functions of methanotrophic communities. The construction of cascade reservoirs affects the temporal and spatial patterns of sediment methanotrophic community succession, and the study results can provide a reference for CH₄ emission reduction in cascade reservoirs of the upper Yellow River.

Key words: Methanotrophs, pmoA, CH₄, Fluorescence quantification, FAPROTAX, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

摘要：

甲烷氧化菌（Methanotrophs）是一类可以利用甲烷（CH₄）作为唯一碳源和能源的细菌，在生态系统碳循环过程中起着重要的作用。为探究黄河上游梯级水库沉积物甲烷氧化菌的群落组成、基因丰度及其影响因素，以黄河上游大河家至龙羊峡段的10座梯级水库为研究对象，通过甲烷氧化菌功能基因（pmoA）高通量测序和实时荧光定量PCR研究黄河上游不同水文期（枯水期、丰水期）和不同库龄（高库龄、低库龄）梯级水库沉积物中甲烷氧化菌的群落组成和基因丰度，利用“rdacca.hp”包及FAPROTAX功能预测分析甲烷氧化菌的影响因素和生态功能。结果表明，1）黄河上游梯级水库沉积物相对丰度排名前3的甲烷氧化菌属分别为甲基孢囊菌属（Methylocystis，22.70%）、甲基杆菌属（Methylobacter，19.00%）和甲基暖菌属（Methylocaldum，7.17%）；甲烷氧化菌α多样性和β多样性均表现为丰水期高于枯水期（p<0.05），二者在不同库龄之间差异性不显著（p>0.05）。2）甲烷氧化菌的pmoA基因丰度在枯水期（1.47×10⁵ copies·g⁻¹）显著低于丰水期（9.08×10⁵ copies·g⁻¹）（p<0.05）；空间上，枯水期呈现从上游（3.92×10⁵ copies·g⁻¹）到下游（0.50×10⁵ copies·g⁻¹）减少的趋势，丰水期呈现为从上游（5.37×10⁵ copies·g⁻¹）到下游（26.52×10⁵ copies·g⁻¹）增加的趋势。3）水体总有机碳（19.31%）、总氮（16.40%）、沉积物温度（13.03%）和pH（10.40%）是影响甲烷氧化菌群落组成的重要环境因素；甲烷氧化、甲基营养化、烃降解和化能异养是甲烷氧化菌的主要生态功能。梯级水库的建设影响了沉积物甲烷氧化菌群落演替的时空模式。研究结果可为黄河上游梯级水库CH₄生物减排提供一定的参考。

关键词: 甲烷氧化菌, pmoA, CH₄, 荧光定量, 功能预测, 青藏高原

CLC Number:

Q938
X172

WU Yi, MAO Xufeng, LIU Zebi, XIA Liang, JIN Xin, TANG Wenjia, YU Hongyan, DU Kai. Abundance and Community Structure of Methanotrophs in the Sediment of Cascade Reservoirs in the Upper Yellow River[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2024, 33(8): 1192-1202.

吴艺, 毛旭锋, 刘泽碧, 夏亮, 金鑫, 唐文家, 于红妍, 杜凯. 黄河上游梯级水库沉积物甲烷氧化菌丰度和群落结构特征[J]. 生态环境学报, 2024, 33(8): 1192-1202.

Figures/Tables 8

Figure 1 Sampling distribution map of cascade reservoirs in the upper reaches of the Yellow River

Figure 2 Composition of methanotrophs

Figure 3 Alpha diversity of methanotrophs

Figure 4 NMDS plots of methanotrophs based on Bray-Cruits distance

Figure 5 Abundance of the pmoA gene in sediments of cascade reservoirs in the upper Yellow River

Figure 6 Correlation analysis between dominant genus and environmental factors

Figure 7 Effects of environmental factors on methanotrophic community

Figure 8 FAPROTAX function prediction of methanotrophs

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Abundance and Community Structure of Methanotrophs in the Sediment of Cascade Reservoirs in the Upper Yellow River

黄河上游梯级水库沉积物甲烷氧化菌丰度和群落结构特征

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