Ecology and Environment ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (2): 372-380.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2023.02.017
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CHENG Peng1,*(), SUN Mingdong2, HAO Shaonan3
Received:
2022-06-20
Online:
2023-02-18
Published:
2023-05-11
Contact:
CHENG Peng
通讯作者:
程鹏
作者简介:
程鹏(1989年生),男,副教授,博士研究生,主要研究方向为流域水环境管理。E-mail: pengcheng@sxufe.edu.cn
基金资助:
CLC Number:
CHENG Peng, SUN Mingdong, HAO Shaonan. Water Quality Assessment of Upstream Rivers of Guanting Reservoir Based on the Simplest Water Quality Index[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(2): 372-380.
程鹏, 孙明东, 郝韶楠. 基于最简水质综合评价指数的官厅水库上游河流水质评价[J]. 生态环境学报, 2023, 32(2): 372-380.
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URL: https://www.jeesci.com/EN/10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2023.02.017
水质参数 | 相对权重 (P) | 标准化因子 (Ci) | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
100 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 | ||
t/℃ | 1 | 16-21 | 15-16, 21-22 | 14-15, 22-24 | 12-14, 24-26 | 10-12, 26-28 | 5-10, 28-30 | 0-5, 30-32 | -2-0, 32-36 | -4- -2, 36-40 | -6- -4, 36-40 | <-6, >45 |
pH | 1 | 7 | 7-8 | 8-8.5 | 8.5-9 | 6.5-7 | 6-6.5, 9-9.5 | 5-6, 9.5-10 | 4-5, 10-11 | 3-4, 11-12 | 2-3, 12-13 | 1-2, 13-14 |
Tur/NTU | 2 | <5 | <10 | <15 | <20 | <25 | <30 | <40 | <60 | <80 | ≤100 | >100 |
ρ(DO)/(mg·L-1) | 4 | ≥7.5 | >7 | >6.5 | >6 | >5 | >4 | >3.5 | >3 | >2 | ≥1 | <1 |
ρ(TN)/(mg·L-1) | 2 | <0.1 | <0.2 | <0.35 | <0.5 | <0.75 | <1 | <1.25 | <1.5 | <1.75 | ≤2 | >2 |
ρ(NH4-N)/(mg·L-1) | 3 | <0.01 | <0.05 | <0.1 | <0.2 | <0.3 | <0.4 | <0.5 | <0.75 | <1 | ≤1.25 | >1.25 |
ρ(TP)/(mg·L-1) | 1 | <0.01 | <0.02 | <0.05 | <0.1 | <0.15 | <0.2 | <0.25 | <0.3 | <0.35 | ≤0.4 | >0.4 |
ρ(CODMn)/(mg·L-1) | 3 | <1 | <2 | <3 | <4 | <6 | <8 | <10 | <12 | <14 | ≤15 | >15 |
ρ(BOD5)/(mg·L-1) | 3 | <0.5 | <2 | <3 | <4 | <5 | <6 | <8 | <10 | <12 | ≤15 | >15 |
Table 1 Weights and normalization factors of the parameters used in the calculation of the WQI and WQImin
水质参数 | 相对权重 (P) | 标准化因子 (Ci) | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
100 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 | ||
t/℃ | 1 | 16-21 | 15-16, 21-22 | 14-15, 22-24 | 12-14, 24-26 | 10-12, 26-28 | 5-10, 28-30 | 0-5, 30-32 | -2-0, 32-36 | -4- -2, 36-40 | -6- -4, 36-40 | <-6, >45 |
pH | 1 | 7 | 7-8 | 8-8.5 | 8.5-9 | 6.5-7 | 6-6.5, 9-9.5 | 5-6, 9.5-10 | 4-5, 10-11 | 3-4, 11-12 | 2-3, 12-13 | 1-2, 13-14 |
Tur/NTU | 2 | <5 | <10 | <15 | <20 | <25 | <30 | <40 | <60 | <80 | ≤100 | >100 |
ρ(DO)/(mg·L-1) | 4 | ≥7.5 | >7 | >6.5 | >6 | >5 | >4 | >3.5 | >3 | >2 | ≥1 | <1 |
ρ(TN)/(mg·L-1) | 2 | <0.1 | <0.2 | <0.35 | <0.5 | <0.75 | <1 | <1.25 | <1.5 | <1.75 | ≤2 | >2 |
ρ(NH4-N)/(mg·L-1) | 3 | <0.01 | <0.05 | <0.1 | <0.2 | <0.3 | <0.4 | <0.5 | <0.75 | <1 | ≤1.25 | >1.25 |
ρ(TP)/(mg·L-1) | 1 | <0.01 | <0.02 | <0.05 | <0.1 | <0.15 | <0.2 | <0.25 | <0.3 | <0.35 | ≤0.4 | >0.4 |
ρ(CODMn)/(mg·L-1) | 3 | <1 | <2 | <3 | <4 | <6 | <8 | <10 | <12 | <14 | ≤15 | >15 |
ρ(BOD5)/(mg·L-1) | 3 | <0.5 | <2 | <3 | <4 | <5 | <6 | <8 | <10 | <12 | ≤15 | >15 |
河段 | 水质参数 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
t/℃ | pH | Tur/NTU | ρ(DO)/(mg·L-1) | ρ(TN)/(mg·L-1) | ρ(NH4-N)/(mg·L-1) | ρ(TP)/(mg·L-1) | ρ(CODMn)/(mg·L-1) | ρ(BOD5)/(mg·L-1) | |
DY | 19.90±3.51 | 8.61±0.14 | 1010.82±1599.55 | 8.46±1.40 | 2.52±1.12 | 0.12±0.08 | 0.07±0.05 | 1.89±0.66 | 0.53±0.40 |
NY | 19.63±3.53 | 8.70±0.24 | 943.74±1495.72 | 8.88±1.57 | 4.75±2.41 | 0.28±0.53 | 0.10±0.09 | 2.54±0.89 | 0.59±0.52 |
YS | 18.74±4.40 | 8.72±0.30 | 714.60±1260.35 | 8.56±1.56 | 6.46±5.92 | 1.59±4.01 | 0.27±0.40 | 4.38±2.06 | 2.01±2.73 |
QS | 16.37±5.23 | 8.79±0.33 | 647.30±1311.38 | 9.40±2.52 | 7.78±3.20 | 0.32±0.46 | 0.12±0.13 | 3.21±2.21 | 1.60±3.14 |
YX | 20.30±4.98 | 8.67±0.41 | 46.08±49.27 | 9.81±4.85 | 7.61±4.99 | 0.43±0.79 | 0.28±0.39 | 5.96±4.03 | 2.71±2.18 |
SGS | 18.29±5.14 | 8.77±0.44 | 255.72±584.04 | 11.39±6.76 | 10.93±7.29 | 3.99±6.34 | 1.10±1.15 | 14.86±10.00 | 12.65±22.67 |
HL | 19.15±5.37 | 8.16±0.72 | 62.57±73.78 | 9.88±6.03 | 4.99±3.54 | 2.48±4.34 | 0.36±0.48 | 7.19±4.53 | 4.88±8.40 |
SGX | 18.39±4.10 | 8.74±0.35 | 57.03±75.61 | 9.65±4.21 | 6.96±3.46 | 0.26±0.27 | 0.17±0.20 | 11.45±18.95 | 6.65±11.75 |
YD | 20.97±4.59 | 8.60±0.29 | 17.57±9.98 | 8.91±1.64 | 6.38±2.36 | 0.22±0.11 | 0.17±0.14 | 4.08±0.83 | 1.88±0.85 |
GS | 19.80±4.35 | 8.71± 0.45 | 60.29 ±39.59 | 6.81 ±1.82 | 3.33 ±3.16 | 0.19 ±0.17 | 0.28 ±0.23 | 5.08 ±3.24 | 1.78 ±1.91 |
Table 2 Current status of river water quality in the upstream basin of Guanting Reservoir
河段 | 水质参数 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
t/℃ | pH | Tur/NTU | ρ(DO)/(mg·L-1) | ρ(TN)/(mg·L-1) | ρ(NH4-N)/(mg·L-1) | ρ(TP)/(mg·L-1) | ρ(CODMn)/(mg·L-1) | ρ(BOD5)/(mg·L-1) | |
DY | 19.90±3.51 | 8.61±0.14 | 1010.82±1599.55 | 8.46±1.40 | 2.52±1.12 | 0.12±0.08 | 0.07±0.05 | 1.89±0.66 | 0.53±0.40 |
NY | 19.63±3.53 | 8.70±0.24 | 943.74±1495.72 | 8.88±1.57 | 4.75±2.41 | 0.28±0.53 | 0.10±0.09 | 2.54±0.89 | 0.59±0.52 |
YS | 18.74±4.40 | 8.72±0.30 | 714.60±1260.35 | 8.56±1.56 | 6.46±5.92 | 1.59±4.01 | 0.27±0.40 | 4.38±2.06 | 2.01±2.73 |
QS | 16.37±5.23 | 8.79±0.33 | 647.30±1311.38 | 9.40±2.52 | 7.78±3.20 | 0.32±0.46 | 0.12±0.13 | 3.21±2.21 | 1.60±3.14 |
YX | 20.30±4.98 | 8.67±0.41 | 46.08±49.27 | 9.81±4.85 | 7.61±4.99 | 0.43±0.79 | 0.28±0.39 | 5.96±4.03 | 2.71±2.18 |
SGS | 18.29±5.14 | 8.77±0.44 | 255.72±584.04 | 11.39±6.76 | 10.93±7.29 | 3.99±6.34 | 1.10±1.15 | 14.86±10.00 | 12.65±22.67 |
HL | 19.15±5.37 | 8.16±0.72 | 62.57±73.78 | 9.88±6.03 | 4.99±3.54 | 2.48±4.34 | 0.36±0.48 | 7.19±4.53 | 4.88±8.40 |
SGX | 18.39±4.10 | 8.74±0.35 | 57.03±75.61 | 9.65±4.21 | 6.96±3.46 | 0.26±0.27 | 0.17±0.20 | 11.45±18.95 | 6.65±11.75 |
YD | 20.97±4.59 | 8.60±0.29 | 17.57±9.98 | 8.91±1.64 | 6.38±2.36 | 0.22±0.11 | 0.17±0.14 | 4.08±0.83 | 1.88±0.85 |
GS | 19.80±4.35 | 8.71± 0.45 | 60.29 ±39.59 | 6.81 ±1.82 | 3.33 ±3.16 | 0.19 ±0.17 | 0.28 ±0.23 | 5.08 ±3.24 | 1.78 ±1.91 |
序号 | 线性模型 | Adjusted R2 | P |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 1.357+0.221*lg(p9+1) | 0.600 | <0.001 |
2 | 1.092+0.164*lg(p8+1)+0.204*lg(p4+1) | 0.801 | <0.001 |
3 | 1.092+0.162*lg(p8+1)+0.203*lg(p4+1)+ 0.019lg*(p5+1) | 0.807 | <0.001 |
4 | 1.022+0.200*lg(p4+1)+0.108*lg(p9+1)+0.011*lg(p3+1)+0.097*lg(p6+1) | 0.888 | <0.001 |
5 | 1.027+0.075*lg(p8+1)+0.184*lg(p4+1)+0.078*lg(p9+1)+0.006*lg(p5+1)+0.073*lg(p6+1) | 0.924 | <0.001 |
6 | 0.921+0.054*lg(p2+1)+0.071*lg(p8+1)+0.185*lg(p4+1)+0.077*lg(p9+1)+ 0.007*lg(p5+1)+0.074*lg(p6+1) | 0.925 | <0.001 |
7 | 0.925+0.060*lg(p1+1)+0.056*lg(p8+1)+0.175*lg(p4+1)+0.084*lg(p9+1)+0.030*lg(p7+1)+0.005*lg(p5+1)+0.056*lg(p6+1) | 0.934 | <0.001 |
8 | 0.686+0.057*lg(p1+1)+0.134*lg(p2+1)+0.049*lg(p8+1)+0.179*lg(p4+1)+0.079*lg(p9+1)+0.035*lg(p7+1)+0.005*lg(p5+1)+ 0.057*lg(p6+1) | 0.937 | <0.001 |
Table 3 Linear models explaining the WQI based on the training data set
序号 | 线性模型 | Adjusted R2 | P |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 1.357+0.221*lg(p9+1) | 0.600 | <0.001 |
2 | 1.092+0.164*lg(p8+1)+0.204*lg(p4+1) | 0.801 | <0.001 |
3 | 1.092+0.162*lg(p8+1)+0.203*lg(p4+1)+ 0.019lg*(p5+1) | 0.807 | <0.001 |
4 | 1.022+0.200*lg(p4+1)+0.108*lg(p9+1)+0.011*lg(p3+1)+0.097*lg(p6+1) | 0.888 | <0.001 |
5 | 1.027+0.075*lg(p8+1)+0.184*lg(p4+1)+0.078*lg(p9+1)+0.006*lg(p5+1)+0.073*lg(p6+1) | 0.924 | <0.001 |
6 | 0.921+0.054*lg(p2+1)+0.071*lg(p8+1)+0.185*lg(p4+1)+0.077*lg(p9+1)+ 0.007*lg(p5+1)+0.074*lg(p6+1) | 0.925 | <0.001 |
7 | 0.925+0.060*lg(p1+1)+0.056*lg(p8+1)+0.175*lg(p4+1)+0.084*lg(p9+1)+0.030*lg(p7+1)+0.005*lg(p5+1)+0.056*lg(p6+1) | 0.934 | <0.001 |
8 | 0.686+0.057*lg(p1+1)+0.134*lg(p2+1)+0.049*lg(p8+1)+0.179*lg(p4+1)+0.079*lg(p9+1)+0.035*lg(p7+1)+0.005*lg(p5+1)+ 0.057*lg(p6+1) | 0.937 | <0.001 |
水质参数 | WQImin-a | WQImin-b | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
模型 | Adjusted R2 | P | 模型 | Adjusted R2 | P | ||
CODMn, DO | a2 | 0.715 | <0.001 | b2 | 0.744 | <0.001 | |
CODMn, DO, TN | a3 | 0.734 | <0.001 | b3 | 0.803 | <0.001 | |
DO, BOD5, Tur, NH4-N | a4 | 0.892 | <0.001 | b4 | 0.909 | <0.001 | |
CODMn, DO, BOD5, TN, NH4-N | a5 | 0.903 | <0.001 | b5 | 0.922 | <0.001 |
Table 4 Linear models explaining WQI based on the training data set
水质参数 | WQImin-a | WQImin-b | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
模型 | Adjusted R2 | P | 模型 | Adjusted R2 | P | ||
CODMn, DO | a2 | 0.715 | <0.001 | b2 | 0.744 | <0.001 | |
CODMn, DO, TN | a3 | 0.734 | <0.001 | b3 | 0.803 | <0.001 | |
DO, BOD5, Tur, NH4-N | a4 | 0.892 | <0.001 | b4 | 0.909 | <0.001 | |
CODMn, DO, BOD5, TN, NH4-N | a5 | 0.903 | <0.001 | b5 | 0.922 | <0.001 |
季节 | 水质分级 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
优秀 | 好 | 中等 | 差 | 极差 | |
春季 | 0 | 0 | 3/37 (8.1%) | 22/37 (59.5%) | 12/37 (32.4%) |
夏季 | 0 | 4/37 (10.8%) | 25/37 (67.6%) | 6/37 (16.2%) | 2/37 (5.4%) |
秋季 | 0 | 8/37 (21.6%) | 25/37 (67.6%) | 4/37 (10.8%) | 0 |
全部季节 | 0 | 12/111 (10.8%) | 53/111 (47.7%) | 32/111 (28.8%) | 14/111 (12.6%) |
Table 5 The proportions of different water quality grades in the upstream of Guanting Reservoir
季节 | 水质分级 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
优秀 | 好 | 中等 | 差 | 极差 | |
春季 | 0 | 0 | 3/37 (8.1%) | 22/37 (59.5%) | 12/37 (32.4%) |
夏季 | 0 | 4/37 (10.8%) | 25/37 (67.6%) | 6/37 (16.2%) | 2/37 (5.4%) |
秋季 | 0 | 8/37 (21.6%) | 25/37 (67.6%) | 4/37 (10.8%) | 0 |
全部季节 | 0 | 12/111 (10.8%) | 53/111 (47.7%) | 32/111 (28.8%) | 14/111 (12.6%) |
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