生态环境学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (1): 89-98.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2025.01.010

• 研究论文【环境科学】 • 上一篇    下一篇

海产养殖水体中复杂组分致光催化剂杀菌失活的机理研究

王艺霓(), 蔡仪威, 孙彤, 李桂英, Wonyong Choi, 安太成*()   

  1. 广东工业大学环境科学与工程学院/广东工业大学环境健康与污染控制研究院/环境催化与健康风险控制重点实验室/粤港澳污染物暴露与健康联合实验室，广东 广州 510006
  • 收稿日期:2024-02-11 出版日期:2025-01-18 发布日期:2025-01-21
  • 通讯作者: * 安太成。E-mail: antc99@gdut.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:王艺霓（1997 年生），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为生物污染物的净化等。E-mail: wangyini2021a@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(42330702);国家自然科学基金项目(22076030);粤桂联合基金重点项目(2020B1515420002)

The Deactivation Mechanism of Photocatalyst Inactivation of Bacteria Caused by Complex Components in Mariculture Water

WANG Yini(), CAI Yiwei, SUN Tong, LI Guiying, CHOI Wonyong, AN Taicheng*()   

  1. Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control/Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health/School of Environmental Science and Engineering/Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
  • Received:2024-02-11 Online:2025-01-18 Published:2025-01-21

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摘要：

光催化技术在养殖水体净化方面具有很好的应用前景。然而，海水水产养殖水体组分复杂，造成光催化剂失活的机理鲜有研究。以典型近海养殖水体为研究对象，重点探讨以腐殖酸为典型天然有机物（NOM）组分，以细菌和真菌作为主要微生物，对光催化剂TiO2纳米管杀菌失活的影响机制进行研究。发现在汕头海水养殖水体中，0—8 h细菌（k=0.23 h−1）和真菌（k=0.32 h−1）具有较高的杀菌效率，在8—24 h阶段细菌杀菌效率（k=0.03 h−1）开始下降，在湛江海水养殖水体中也观察到同样的趋势；在珠海海水养殖水体中，前0—8 h对细菌（k=0.14 h−1）有较高的杀灭效率，在0—6 h内对真菌也具备较高的杀灭效率（k=0.24 h−1），细菌和真菌分别在8 h和6 h时杀菌效率变化明显。并且3个地点的水样分别在杀菌48、48、8 h后菌体数量呈现增长的现象，这可能与菌体的VBNC状态有关。同时，通过微生物多样性测定发现在海水养殖水体中假单胞菌为优势菌种；衣原体，支原体和军团菌3种细菌菌属在杀灭过程中细菌的占比减少程度最大。通过使用稳态瞬态荧光光谱仪结合PARAFAC和荧光区域积分法（FRI）得到3个不同地区水体样品的腐殖酸的降解程度均在40%以上；最后通过ATR-FTIR、SEM-EDS等实验表征，验证了在杀菌过程中，腐殖酸中间产物以及菌体破裂泄漏的生物分子附着在TiO2纳米管表面并堵塞部分微孔，堵塞了催化剂表面的活性位点，致使光催化剂加速失活。对光催化技术应用于环境复杂水体处理中的失活现象和机理进行研究，可填补此领域的空白。

关键词: 光催化剂失活, TiO2催化剂, 海水养殖水体, 微生物灭活, 腐殖质

Abstract:

Photocatalysis has good application prospects for the purification of aquacultural water. However, the composition of seawater aquaculture water is complex and the mechanism of photocatalyst deactivation has rarely been studied. In this study, a typical offshore aquaculture water body was selected as the research object, focusing on the mechanism of bactericidal inactivation of photocatalyst TiO2 nanotubes, with humic acid as the typical natural organic matter (NOM) component and bacteria and fungi as the main microorganisms. The results showed that bacteria (k=0.23 h−1) and fungi (k=0.32 h−1) had high bactericidal efficiency during 0‒8 h in Shantou mariculture water, and the bactericidal efficiency (k=0.03 h−1) began to decline during 8‒24 h, the same trends were observed in Zhanjiang mariculture water. In the Zhuhai mariculture water body, the killing efficiency of bacteria (k=0.14 h−1) was high in the first 0‒8 h, and that of fungi was also high at 0‒6 h (k=0.24 h−1). In addition, the water samples from the three sites showed an increase in the number of bacteria after 48 h, 48 h and 8 h respectively, which may be related to the VBNC state of bacteria. At the same time, the determination of microbial diversity revealed that Pseudomonas was the dominant strain in mariculture water. Chlamydia, Mycoplasma, and Legionella showed the greatest reduction in the proportion of bacteria during the killing process. The degradation degree of humic acid in water samples from three different areas was above 40% using a steady-state transient fluorescence spectrometer combined with PARAFAC and fluorescence region integration (FRI). The bactericidal efficiencies of the bacteria and fungi changed significantly at 8 and 6 h, respectively. At the same time, through microbial diversity, ATR-FTIR, SEM-EDS, and other experimental characterizations, it was found that during the sterilization process, humic acid intermediates and biomolecules were broken and leaked by bacteria attached to the surface of the TiO2 nanotubes and blocked some micropores, resulting in accelerated deactivation of the photocatalyst. In this study, the deactivation phenomenon and mechanism of photocatalysis applied to water treatment in complex environments were studied, filling the gaps in this field.

Key words: photocatalyst deactivation, TiO2 catalyst, mariculture water, inactivation of microorganisms, humic acid

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