Abstract:

As China’s first high-standard, high-quality, and innovative “Smart Future City” at the national strategic level, the rational optimization of the ecological security pattern of the “production-living-ecological” in Xiong’an New Area is a fundamental prerequisite for achieving sustainable regional development. Based on land-use type data from the three main counties of Xiong’an New Area for the years 2012, 2017, and 2022, by constructing an evaluation system for the “production-living-ecological space”, the entropy method and coupling coordination model were used to analyze the level of coupling coordination development before and after regional construction. Morphological spatial pattern analysis was used to identify important ecological source areas in Xiong’an New Area. Finally, a regional ecological security pattern was constructed and optimized using the minimum cumulative resistance model. The results indicated the following: 1) a gradual decrease in production space and a corresponding increase in ecological and living spaces in Xiong’an New Area. Production space decreased from 69.2% in 2012 to 57.6% in 2022, while ecological and living spaces increased by 44.8% and 29.7%, respectively. 2) The spatial distribution of the degree of coupling and coordination of the production-living-ecological in 2012, 2017, and 2022 showed no significant differences, with a continuous increase in the spatial area. The highest degree of coupling and coordination was observed in the Baiyangdian area of Anxin County, China. 3) The number and area of ecological source patches and their ecological corridors in Xiong’an New Area are gradually increasing in the ecological core area of Baiyangdian. The ecological protection area was mainly based on the Baiyangdian area, with rivers as links and urban green spaces as satellite points. In terms of optimizing the ecological security pattern, Anxin County in Xiong’an New Area focuses on ecological protection, while Xiong County and Rongcheng County need to improve their ecological quality, the three ecological restoration lines highlight the importance of river ecological protection and restoration. Guided by the goal of building a green, ecological, and livable “Smart Future City” this optimization strategy not only protects the regional ecological security with Baiyangdian at its core on a macro level, but also provides practical guidance for the future coupling and coordinated development of the production-living-ecological on a micro level, and it also provides a solid ecological foundation for regional ecosystem services, biodiversity, and sustainable development.

Key words: Baiyangdian, minimum cumulative resistance model, ecological corridor, ecological security network, land use change

摘要：

作为中国国家战略层面的首个高标准、高质量、新理念的“智慧未来之城”，雄安新区三生空间生态安全格局的合理优化是实现区域可持续发展的基本前提。基于雄安新区2012、2017、2022年的三期土地利用类型数据，通过构建“三生空间”评价体系，采用熵值法与耦合协调模型对区域建设前后的耦合协调发展水平进行了分析，并利用形态学空间格局分析识别了雄安新区的重要生态源地，最后通过最小累积阻力模型构建并优化了区域生态安全格局。结果表明，1）雄安新区生产空间逐渐减少以及生态空间和生活空间逐渐增加；生产空间从2012年的69.2%下降到2022年的57.6%，而生态空间和生活空间分别总增长44.8%与29.7%。2）在2012、2017、2022年三生空间耦合协调度的空间分布差异不显著，空间面积不断提升；以安新县的白洋淀区域的耦合协调度最高。3）雄安新区的生态源地斑块数量和面积及其生态廊道在白洋淀生态核心区呈现出逐渐增长特征。生态保护区域则以白洋淀区域为主体，河道为纽带，城镇绿地为卫星点面的格局。在生态安全格局优化方面，雄安新区的安新县以生态保护为主，而雄县和容城县则需要提升生态质量；三条生态修复线突出了河道生态保护与修复的重要性。在绿色生态宜居“智慧未来之城”的目标指引下，该优化策略不仅在宏观层面上保护了以白洋淀为核心的区域生态安全，而且在微观层面上为未来三生空间的耦合协调发展提供了指导，也为区域的生态系统服务、生物多样性和可持续发展提供坚实的生态基础。

关键词: 白洋淀, 最小累积阻力模型, 生态廊道, 生态安全网络, 土地利用变化