不同储存方式下屋顶雨水水质特性变化规律研究

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2023.03.014

生态环境学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 567-578.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2023.03.014

不同储存方式下屋顶雨水水质特性变化规律研究

何贝贝¹^,²(), 范珊珊², 洪念³, 刘安²^,^*()

1.深圳大学土木与交通工程学院，广东深圳 518061
2.深圳大学化学与环境工程学院，广东深圳 518060
3.广东工业大学生态环境与资源学院/大湾区城市环境安全与绿色发展教育部重点实验室，广东广州 510006

收稿日期:2022-06-27 出版日期:2023-03-18 发布日期:2023-06-02
通讯作者: *刘安，女，副教授，研究方向为水环境治理及雨水回用研究。E-mail: liuan@szu.edu.cn
作者简介:何贝贝（1991年生），女，博士后，主要从事城市水环境中新型污染物研究工作。E-mail: beibei.he@szu.edu.cn
基金资助:
广东省重点领域研发计划(2019B110205003);国家自然科学基金项目(52170100);国家自然科学基金项目(U21A2036);深圳市科技创新委员会项目(20200813094050001);深圳市科技创新委员会项目(JCYJ20200109113006046);广东省区域联合基金-青年基金项目(2022A1515110257)

Variations of Roof Stormwater Quality under Different Storage Types

HE Beibei¹^,²(), FAN Shanshan², HONG Nian³, LIU An²^,^*()

1. College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, P. R. China
2. College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
3. Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development, Ministry of Education/School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China

Received:2022-06-27 Online:2023-03-18 Published:2023-06-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

城市雨水作为一种可回用的新兴水源，近年来受到学者们的广泛关注。雨水在储存过程中存在水质变化和细菌复活的可能性，是保障雨水回用安全面临的最大风险因素之一。但目前关于不同储存方式下，雨水水质变化规律的研究仍十分有限。据此，以屋顶雨水为对象，采用大肠杆菌（E. coli）和金黄色葡萄球菌（S. aureus）作为雨水中典型病原微生物代表，探究了屋顶雨水在密封式和开放式两种不同储存方式下水质变化规律和细菌再生情况，以期为保障储存雨水的回用安全提供科学依据和技术指导。研究结果表明，尽管两种储存方式下的雨水水质参数变异性较大，但密封式储存下的雨水由于受外界环境的干扰低，因此水质波动变化较开放式储存小。具体表现为密封式储存条件下，水质指标如UV₂₅₄、TOC、浊值度及NH₄⁺-N等参数随储存时间的延长呈降低趋势。然而，从细菌复活情况来看，密封式储存下雨水具有更高的细菌复活率，且金黄色葡萄球菌相比大肠杆菌显著复活。因此，为了确保雨水回用安全性，有必要考虑不同储存方式对水质和细菌生长的影响，以及细菌种类对水质变化的影响，以此采取针对性的措施对储存雨水进行再次处理。

关键词: 雨水水质, 雨水回用, 雨水储存, 大肠杆菌, 金黄色葡萄球菌, 水质指标

Abstract:

Urban stormwater, as a new renewable water source, has received a wide attention. Microbial pollutants present in stormwater is one of the biggest issues threatening stormwater reuse safety. The variability of water quality and bacterial reactivation during the stormwater storage can result in high risk for stormwater reuse safety. However, knowledge of the quality variation of stormwater under different storage conditions is limited. In this context, this study explored the water quality variations, and the regeneration of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) to analyse stormwater reuse safety under two different storage processes, namely, sealed and open storage. The results indicated that though there was a high variability in stormwater quality parameters during both sealed storage and open storage processes, relatively lower variations of water quality were confirmed in sealed storage process due to the limited influence of surrounding environments. For example, compared to open storage, the concentration of stormwater quality indicators such as UV₂₅₄, TOC, turbidity and NH₄⁺-N in sealed storage showed a decreased trend over the storage time. But regarding to the bacterial reactivation rate, higher values were found in sealed storage type. Meanwhile, S. aureus had a higher reactivation rate than E. coli during sealed storage process. Hence, our results indicated that to ensure the safety of stormwater reuse, the attention should be paid to the storage types and bacteria species while effective and appropriate treatment measures should be taken as well.

Key words: stormwater quality, stormwater reuse, stormwater storage, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, water quality indicator

中图分类号:

X131.2

何贝贝, 范珊珊, 洪念, 刘安. 不同储存方式下屋顶雨水水质特性变化规律研究[J]. 生态环境学报, 2023, 32(3): 567-578.

HE Beibei, FAN Shanshan, HONG Nian, LIU An. Variations of Roof Stormwater Quality under Different Storage Types[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(3): 567-578.

图/表 12

图1 屋顶雨水采样点示意图

Figure 1 Map of sampling sites n=1

表1 屋顶雨水的原始水质情况

Table 1 Roof original stormwater quality

项目	水质指标
项目	pH	吸光度 (UV₂₅₄)/ cm^-1	ρ_(NH4⁺_{-N )}/ (mg·L^-1)	浊度/ NTU	ρ_(TOC)/ (mg·L^-1)	ρ_(DO)/ (mg·L^-1)
测定值	7.02	0.0240	0.530	0.380	2.55	7.58

图2 不同储存方式的雨水中pH值变化曲线

Figure 2 Variation of pH in stormwater runoff during different storage types

图3 不同储存方式中雨水样品UV254值变化曲线

Figure 3 Variations of UV254 in stormwater runoff during different storage types

图4 不同储存方式中雨水样品TOC值变化曲线

Figure 4 Variation of turbidity in stormwater runoff during different storage types

图5 不同储存方式中雨水样品浊度值变化曲线

Figure 5 Variation of turbidity in stormwater runoff during different storage types

图6 不同储存方式中雨水样品 NH4+-N值变化曲线

Figure 6 Variation of NH4+-N in stormwater runoff during storage types

图7 不同储存方式中雨水样品溶解氧（DO）值变化曲线

Figure 7 Variation of DO in stormwater runoff during different storage types

图8 不同储存方式中雨水样品细菌复活率变化曲线

Figure 8 Variation of bacterial reactivation rate in stormwater runoff during different storage types

图9 不同储存方式下屋面雨水样品细菌复活率差异性比较分析

Figure 9 Difference in bacterial reactivation of stormwater runoff during different storage types

表2 大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌屋顶雨水样品水质参数比较

Table 2 Comparison of roof stormwater quality parameters including E. coli and S. aureus

检测指标	密封式储存		开放式储存
检测指标	包含大肠杆菌的雨水样品	包含金黄色葡萄球菌的雨水样品	包含大肠杆菌的雨水样品	包含金黄色葡萄球菌的雨水样品
pH	6.75	6.64	7.15	7.56
吸光度(UV₂₅₄)/cm^-1	0.055	0.065	0.064	0.087
浊度/NTU	1.13	1.46	2.13	3.56
ρ_(NH4⁺_{-N )}/(mg·L^-1)	1.44	2.96	1.05	2.19
ρ_(TOC)/(mg·L^-1)	4.09	6.19	6.40	9.94
ρ_(DO)/(mg·L^-1)	7.95	7.73	7.99	7.90
大肠杆菌菌落总数 E. coli/(CFU·mL^-1)	5.72×10⁴	-	9.34×10³	-
金黄色葡萄球菌菌落总数S. aureus/(CFU·mL^-1)	-	8.68×10⁴	-	2.59×10⁴

图10 不同储存方式中雨水样品水质参数和细菌复活率变异系数分析

Figure 10 Coefficient of variation (CV) analysis of stormwater quality and bacteria reactivation rate during different storage types

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不同储存方式下屋顶雨水水质特性变化规律研究

Variations of Roof Stormwater Quality under Different Storage Types

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