生态环境学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (12): 1974-1984.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2025.12.014

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

红树林生态系统健康评价及方法研究进展

陈凤1(), 杨锦程1,2,3, 黑亮1,*(), 蒋勤2   

  1. 1.水利部珠江河口治理与保护重点实验室/珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院广东 广州 510611
    2.河海大学港口海岸与近海工程学院江苏 南京 210098
    3.长江水利委员会水文局长江三峡水文水资源勘测局湖北 宜昌 443000
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-19 出版日期:2025-12-18 发布日期:2025-12-10
  • 通讯作者: *E-mail:41470127@qq.com
  • 作者简介:陈凤(1984年生),女,工程师,从事水资源调度和水环境治理方面的研究。E-mail: 251700086@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    广州市科技计划项目(201904010367)

Advancements in Mangrove Ecosystem Health Assessment: Methodological Innovations and Research Progress

CHEN Feng1(), YANG Jincheng1,2,3, HEI Liang1,*(), JIANG Qin2   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of the Pearl River Estuary Regulation and Protection of Ministry of Water Resources/Pearl River Hydraulic Research Institute, Pearl River Water Resource Commission, Guangzhou 510611, P. R. China
    2. College of Harbour, Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, P. R. China
    3. The Three Gorges Hydrology and Water Resources Survey Bureau, Bureau of Hydrology of Changjiang Water Resources Commission, Yichang 443000, P. R. China
  • Received:2025-06-19 Online:2025-12-18 Published:2025-12-10

摘要:

红树林生态系统是滨海湿地的重要组成部分。目前红树林生态系统健康评价缺少具有代表性和普适性的健康评价标准,评价指标及方法的选择应用也未统一。该文综合评述了其健康评价方法的研究进展。结果显示,相关评价方法主要集中于指示物种法和指标体系法。指示物种法以生态系统中的关键物种、特有物种、濒危物种或环境敏感物种为研究对象,通过监测其种群数量、物种分布、种群年龄结构、生物体型分布和个体健康状态等来描述生态系统的健康状况;指标体系法通过选择生态系统中的多个特征指标,建立评价指标体系或评价模型,获取相关数据并依据指标在生态系统健康中的重要性对其进行赋权,最终进行综合评价以反映生态系统的健康状况。针对红树林生态系统健康评价中存在的评价健康标准、评价尺度和评价方法的选择等问题,提出开展多尺度相互耦合的健康评价,利用人工智能、物联网技术、“3S”技术、无人机遥感技术等新兴技术,构建涵盖生态、社会和经济等多维度的指标体系和搭建国家级红树林健康动态评估平台等建议。该文通过总结现有研究成果,为实现红树林健康状况的“实时感知、动态评价、智能预警”等生态保护决策提供支撑。

关键词: 红树林生态系统, 健康评价, 指示物种, 评价模型, 指标阈值

Abstract:

Mangrove ecosystems are vital components of coastal wetland ecosystem. However, the absence of standardized health assessment frameworks with global applicability remains a persistent challenge in mangrove ecosystem management. This study systematically reviews the methodological advancements in mangrove health assessment and identifies two predominant approaches: the indicator species and indicator system methods. The indicator species method uses key, endemic, endangered, or environmentally sensitive species in an ecosystem as research objects. It describes the health status of the ecosystem by monitoring the population size, species distribution, population age structure, biological size distribution, and individual health status. The indicator system method establishes an evaluation index system or model by selecting multiple indicators of an ecosystem. It then collects relevant data, determines the importance of each indicator in ecosystem health for weighting, and finally conducts a comprehensive evaluation to reflect the health status of ecosystem. In response to issues in mangrove ecosystem health assessment, such as the selection of health evaluation standards, evaluation scales, and evaluation methods, this study proposes future prospects. These include conducting multi-scale coupled health assessments using emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, “3S” technology, and UAV remote sensing technology, constructing an indicator system covering ecological, social, economic, and other multi-dimensional aspects, and building a national-level dynamic assessment platform for mangrove health. By summarizing existing research results, this review provides a scientific foundation for implementing ecological protection decisions, such as “real-time perception, dynamic evaluation, and intelligent early warning” of mangrove health.

Key words: mangrove ecosystem, health assessment, indicator species, evaluation model, indicator threshold

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