生态环境学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (2): 265-276.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2022.02.007

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

鸟类物种组合模式的稳定性——以珠海淇澳自然保护区红树林鸟类群落变化为例

叶锦玉1,2(), 虞皓琦2, 廖宝文3, 游奕来4, 刘新科5, 林寿明5, 杨道德1,*(), 胡慧建2,*()   

  1. 1.中南林业科技大学野生动植物保护研究所,湖南 长沙 410004
    2.广东省科学院动物研究所/广东省动物保护与资源利用重点实验室/广东省野生动物保护与利用公共实验室,广东 广州 510260
    3.中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广东 广州 510520
    4.广东珠海淇澳-担杆岛省级自然保护区管理处,广东 珠海 519000
    5.广东省林业调查规划院,广东 广州 510520
  • 收稿日期:2021-09-26 出版日期:2022-02-18 发布日期:2022-04-14
  • 通讯作者: *E-mail: 13922339577@139.com
    *E-mail: csfuyydd@126.com;
  • 作者简介:叶锦玉（1994年生）,女,博士研究生,主要方向为野生动植物保护与利用。E-mail: 651311197@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    广东省科技计划项目(2019B121202003);广东省科技计划项目(2019B121202004)

The Species Assemblage of Avian Community: A Case Study of the Avian Community Structure Change after the Mangrove Restoration in Qi'ao Island Natural Reserve, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China

YE Jinyu1,2(), YU Haoqi2, LIAO Baowen3, YOU Yilai4, LIU Xinke5, LIN Shouming5, YANG Daode1,*(), HU Huijian2,*()   

  1. 1. Institute of Wildlife Conservation, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 41004, P. R. China
    2. Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization/Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization/Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academic of Sciences, Guangzhou 510260, P. R. China
    3. Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, P. R. China
    4. Guangdong Zhuhai Qi'ao-Dangan Island Provincial Nature Reserve Management Office, Zhuhai 519000, P. R. China
    5. Guangdong Forestry Survey and Planning Institute, Guangzhou 510520, P. R. China
  • Received:2021-09-26 Online:2022-02-18 Published:2022-04-14

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摘要：

动物群落的物种组合反映了群落构建的特点,具有多种相对固定的模式。验证植被变化前后动物群落物种的组合模式是否具有稳定性,是验证动物群落构建可重复性的重要依据,也可对动物群落的保护与修复提供有力的理论支撑。该研究开展了广东珠海淇澳自然保护区内人工恢复红树林前后的2次鸟类调查（恢复前于2001年3月—12月,恢复后于2015年10月—2016年6月）,采用卡方检验进行红树林恢复前后物种组成、种属结构关系、体长分布、区系、居留型和生态类型的差异显著性分析。同时,应用线性回归模型和乘幂模型分别对种-属数量和属含物种数频次分布进行拟合,用协方差分析判断红树林恢复前后模型的一致性。2次调查共记录到鸟类99种,分别为11目29科58属78种和12目33科57属80种,约24%的鸟类物种发生变化,棕扇尾莺（Cisticola juncidis）等4种在水边灌丛或空地上觅食的鸟类消失,而蓝矶鸫（Monticola solitaries）等3种在林间活动的鸟类,以及青脚滨鹬（Calidris temminckii）等3种在较深水域觅食的鸟类出现,这与红树林恢复后滩涂区面积减少,红树林区面积增加有关。但恢复前后的鸟类物种丰度仅相差2种,卡方检验表明红树林恢复前后总物种以及单次调查各季节物种的体长、区系、居留型和生态类型的频次分布均无显著差异;协方差分析表明恢复前后的种-属数量线性模型和属含物种数频次分布乘幂模型均具有一致性。因此得出结论：淇澳岛大规模种植红树林后,部分鸟类物种发生变化,但在物种组合模式上具稳定性,即鸟类群落在构建物种组合上具有可重复性。这在指导群落重建与恢复中判断动植物群落的稳定性及确定恢复对象等方面具有应用前景。

关键词: 物种组合模式, 群落构建, 鸟类群落, 红树林, 植被变化, 淇澳岛

Abstract:

The species assemblage reflects the characteristics of the community assembly rules and has a variety of fixed patterns. We try to explore the issue of whether these patterns keep their stability after vegetation change,which is an important basis to verify the repeatability of community assembly, and also provides strong theoretical support for the protection and restoration of the animal community. We surveyed the bird communities before and after mangrove artificial restoration (Before: from March to December 2001; After: from October 2015 to June 2016) in Qi'ao Island Natural Reserve, Zhuhai, China. Chi-square test was used to analyze the significance of differences of the species body length, fauna, resident type and ecological type distribution. Fitting the number of species and genus by linear regression model. The multiplicative power model was used to fit the frequency distribution of number of species in genus. The covariance analysis was used to analysis the consistency of the linear regression models of number of species and genus or the multiplicative power models of the frequency distribution of number of species in the two surveys. The results indicate that a total of 99 species of birds were recorded in the two surveys, including 11 orders, 29 families, 58 genera and 78 species, and 12 orders, 33 families, 57 genera and 80 species, respectively. About 24% of bird species were changed, including the disappearance of 4 species that feed in waterside thickets or open Spaces, such as Cisticola Juncidis, and the emergence of three species of forested birds, such as Monticola solda, and three species for feeding in deeper waters, such as Calidris temminckii, which is related to the decrease of the tidal flat area and the increase of mangrove forest area after mangrove restoration. Despite the changes in bird species, only two species differed in abundance between the two surveys. Chi-square test showed that there were no significant differences in the distribution frequency of body length, fauna, residence type and ecological types between total species and mono-occurrence species in the two surveys. Covariance analysis revealed that both the linear model of species-genus quantitative and the power model of the frequency distribution of species number in the genus in the two surveys were consistent. According to these results, after large-scale planting of mangroves on Qi'ao Island, some species changed in the bird community, but some of the species assemblage patterns were stable, which indicated that the bird community construction was repeatable. These patterns have application value in the reconstruction and restoration of plant and animal communities.

Key words: species assemblage pattern, community assembly, avian community, mangrove, vegetation change, Qi'ao Island

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