生态环境学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (12): 2395-2401.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2021.12.015

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

酶解预处理联合生物强化优化城市污泥好氧堆肥

成庆利(), 王大伟, 牛渤超, 张龙龙, 王雪娜, 张诗雨   

  1. 华北水利水电大学环境与市政工程学院,河南 郑州 450046
  • 收稿日期:2021-07-30 出版日期:2021-12-18 发布日期:2022-01-04
  • 作者简介:成庆利（1971年生）,女,副教授,博士,主要从事固体废弃物资源化利用研究。E-mail: chengqingli@ncwu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    河南省科技攻关项目(192102310225);华北水利水电大学高层次人才科研启动项目(201901002)

Optimization Effects of Enzymatic Hydrolysis Pretreatment Combined with Bioaugmentation on the Aerobic Compost of Sewage Sludge

CHENG Qingli(), WANG Dawei, NIU Bochao, ZHANG Longlong, WANG Xuena, ZHANG Shiyu   

  1. School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China
  • Received:2021-07-30 Online:2021-12-18 Published:2022-01-04

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摘要：

为了解决好氧堆肥过程中氮损失大、产恶臭、堆肥周期长等问题,研究酶解预处理联合生物强化对城市污泥和秸秆混合堆肥过程中有机物降解、氮素转化、氨和硫化氢释放等的影响。使用复合酶（蛋白酶:淀粉酶:纤维素酶:溶菌酶=1:1:1:1）酶解预处理污泥,设置使用150 mL菌剂（堆体E1）和75 mL菌剂混匀（堆体E2）以及表面喷洒（堆体E3）3种生物强化方式,对照堆体A只进行厌氧水解预处理污泥。结果表明,酶解预处理后,污泥中溶解性COD、溶解性蛋白和多糖质量分数分别比初始增加了485.22%、149.15%和108.76%,为堆肥中微生物降解提供了更多的可生物利用碳源,堆体启动快。堆体E1总氮质量分数为42.45 mg∙g-1,比初始提高了44.25%,保氮效果明显。腐熟期,堆体E硝酸盐还原酶酶活显著低于堆体A,反硝化作用减小,硝态氮积累。堆肥结束时,堆体E1和堆体E2氨气释放量分别为270.37 mg∙m-3和382.57 mg∙m-3,显著低于堆体A释放量（672.86 mg∙m-3）。堆体E3显著改善了堆体表面代谢强度,硫化氢释放量为23.74 mg∙m-3,较堆体A释放量（167.09 mg∙m-3）降低了85.79%,其次为堆体E1释放量（50.80 mg∙m-3）。结果表明,酶解预处理联合生物强化更易促进堆肥腐熟和氮固持、减少氨气和硫化氢释放,实现污泥稳定化和资源化。

关键词: 城市污泥, 好氧堆肥, 复合酶解, 生物强化, 氮损失

Abstract:

In order to solve the problems of nitrogen loss, odor and long-lasting cycle during aerobic compost of urban sludge and reed straw mixture, the combination effects of enzymatic hydrolysis pretreatment and bioaugmentation on decomposition of organic matter, conversion of nitrogen, and ammonia and hydrogen sulfide emissions were studied. Sludge in reactor E was pretreated with compound enzymes of lysozyme, protease, amylase and cellulase blend with 1:1:1:1 ratio, and then mixed with bioaugmentation agent of 150 mL (reactor E1) or 75 mL (reactor E2), or surface spraying (reactor E3). Sludge in the control reactor A was only anaerobic hydrolyzed with no bioaugmentation. The results showed that enzymatic hydrolysis pretreatment increased the contents of soluble chemical oxygen demand, soluble protein and polysaccharide in the sludge by 485.22%, 149.15% and 108.76%, respectively, providing more bioavailable carbon for microbial degradation in compost and then promoting the reactor faster. Total nitrogen content in reactor E1 was 42.45 mg·g-1, about 44.25% of the initial, and the conservation of nitrogen was great. During the maturation phase, the nitrate reductase activity in reactor E was significantly lower than reactor A, and nitrate was accumulated in reactor E. The cumulative emissions of ammonia in reactor E1 and reactor E2 were 270.37 mg∙m-3 and 382.57 mg∙m-3, respectively, significantly lower than 672.86 mg∙m-3 in reactor A. Surface spraying of bioaugmentation improved surface metabolic in reactor E3, and the cumulative emission of hydrogen sulfide was 23.74 mg∙m-3, about 85.79% lower than the reactor A (167.09 mg∙m-3). The next was 50.80 mg∙m-3 in reactor E1. In summary, the results demonstrated that enzymatic hydrolysis pretreatment combined with bioaugmentation could be an effective strategy for enhancing sludge composting and nitrogen fixation, eliminating odor emission and promoting sludge stabilization and recycling.

Key words: sewage sludge, aerobic compost, compound enzymes, bioaugmentation, nitrogen loss

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