某市水源水及净水厂中药品和个人护理品（PPCPs）的分布、含量和去除规律

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2022.06.015

生态环境学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (6): 1193-1199.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2022.06.015

某市水源水及净水厂中药品和个人护理品（PPCPs）的分布、含量和去除规律

王茜¹^,²(), 王金龙¹^,², 唐小斌¹^,², 梁恒¹^,², 李圭白¹^,²^,^*()

1.哈尔滨工业大学环境学院,黑龙江哈尔滨 150090
2.哈尔滨工业大学/城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨 150090

收稿日期:2022-01-10 出版日期:2022-06-18 发布日期:2022-07-29
通讯作者: *李圭白,E-mail: liguibai@vip.163.com
作者简介:王茜（1985年生）,女,中级工程师,博士研究生,主要研究方向为饮用水安全保障技术。E-mail: fswaterhit@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2019YFD1100104-02);国家自然科学基金项目(51978198);国家自然科学基金项目(52000049)

Concentration, Distribution and Fate of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) for Drinking Water Systems in A City

WANG Qian¹^,²(), WANG Jinlong¹^,², TANG Xiaobin¹^,², LIANG Heng¹^,², LI Guibai¹^,²^,^*()

1. School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P. R. China
2. State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE)/Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P. R. China

Received:2022-01-10 Online:2022-06-18 Published:2022-07-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着检测技术的发展和检测水平的提升,水中痕量的PPCPs被不断发现,水源水以及饮用水中的痕量PPCPs亦被逐步重视起来。为了掌握珠三角某市饮用水系统中PPCPs的变化规律,采用固相萃取和超高压液相色谱-质谱联用技术调查了某市水源水、净水厂出厂水和管网水中目标PPCPs的分布和含量情况,同时研究了目标PPCPs在水厂中的去除规律。结果表明,在20个批次的样品中,该市水源1和水源2中分别检出7种和10种PPCPs。水源1中咖啡因的检出质量浓度最高,平均质量浓度为24.7 ng∙L^-1。水源2中红霉素的检出质量浓度最高,平均质量浓度为22.1 ng∙L^-1。在20个批次的样品中,常规处理工艺（水厂1、3和4）的出厂水分别检出3种、7种和7种PPCPs,深度处理工艺（水厂2）的出厂水中检出1种PPCPs。出厂水中PPCPs种类远少于水源水,浓度也明显下降。除水厂2以外,管网水中均有PPCPs检出,与出厂水相比,管网水中PPCPs种类和浓度也有所降低。常规处理工艺只对部分目标PPCPs有较好的去除效果,其中预氯化对PPCPs去除起重要作用;深度处理工艺对大部分目标PPCPs的去除效率较高,其中活性炭吸附工艺起到关键作用。

关键词: 药品和个人护理品（PPCPs）, 超高压液相色谱-质谱联用, 水源水, 饮用水, 水处理工艺, 活性炭, 超滤

Abstract:

With the development of detection technology and the improvement of detection levels, trace PPCPs have been continuously identified in the water. The trace PPCPs of water source and drinking water have attracted more and more attention. In order to understand the trend of PPCPs in the urban drinking water system of the Pearl River Delta, the distribution and content of target PPCPs in source water, effluent of water plant and pipe network flow of a city were investigated by using SPE and UPLC-MS/MS, and the removal performance of target PPCPs was also studied in the water plants. After 20 batches of sampling and measurement, 7 PPCPs and 10 PPCPs were detected in water source 1 and water source 2 in this city, respectively. The caffeine in water source 1 was measured with the highest concentration among all of PPCPs, with an average concentration of 24.7 ng∙L^-1. For the water source 2, the erythromycin showed the highest concentration, reaching an average of 22.1 ng∙L^-1. Among the 20 batches of samples, 3, 7 and 7 PPCPs were respectively detected in the effluents of the conventional treatment process, i.e., Water Plant 1, 3 and 4, whereas only one PPCP was found in the effluent of advanced treatment process (Water Plant 2). Importantly, the types of PPCPs in the Water Plant 2 were much fewer than those in the source water, and the concentration also decreased significantly after the advanced process. PPCPs were detected in the pipe networks except that combing with Water Plant 2. Similar to the water plant effluents, the types and concentrations of PPCPs also reduced in the pipe network. The conventional treatment process only removed part of PPCPs, because pre-chlorination played an important role in the removal of PPCPs. In contrast, due to the key role of the activated carbon adsorption process, the advanced treatment process had a high removal efficiency for most of the target PPCPs.

Key words: pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs), UPLC-MS/MS, water source, drinking water, water treatment processes, activated carbon, ultrafiltration

中图分类号:

王茜, 王金龙, 唐小斌, 梁恒, 李圭白. 某市水源水及净水厂中药品和个人护理品（PPCPs）的分布、含量和去除规律[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(6): 1193-1199.

WANG Qian, WANG Jinlong, TANG Xiaobin, LIANG Heng, LI Guibai. Concentration, Distribution and Fate of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) for Drinking Water Systems in A City[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2022, 31(6): 1193-1199.

图/表 9

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水厂编号 drinking water plant number	处理规模 water supply (10000 m³∙d^-1)	处理工艺 treatment processes
1	50.0	预氯化（ClO₂）、混凝、沉淀、过滤和消毒（NaClO）
2	1.5	混凝、沉淀、过滤、活性炭吸附、超滤和消毒
3	20.8	预氯化（液氯）、混凝、沉淀、过滤和消毒（液氯）
4	5.0	混凝、沉淀、过滤和消毒（NaClO）

水厂编号 drinking water plant number	处理规模 water supply (10000 m³∙d^-1)	处理工艺 treatment processes
1	50.0	预氯化（ClO₂）、混凝、沉淀、过滤和消毒（NaClO）
2	1.5	混凝、沉淀、过滤、活性炭吸附、超滤和消毒
3	20.8	预氯化（液氯）、混凝、沉淀、过滤和消毒（液氯）
4	5.0	混凝、沉淀、过滤和消毒（NaClO）

目标PPCPs Target PPCPs	进厂水 Influent water		出厂水 Effluent water		管网水 Tap water
目标PPCPs Target PPCPs	范围 Rang/(ng∙L^-1)	平均值 Average value/(ng∙L^-1)	范围 Rang/(ng∙L^-1)	平均值 Average value/(ng∙L^-1)	范围 Rang/(ng∙L^-1)	平均值 Average value/(ng∙L^-1)
磺胺甲恶唑 Sulfamethoxazole	0.2-4.2	3.5	ND	ND	ND	ND
磺胺二甲嘧啶 Sulfamethazine	0.8-09	0.8	ND	ND	ND	ND
甲氧苄氨嘧啶 Trimethoprim	0.6-0.7	0.7	ND	ND	ND	ND
红霉素 Erythromycin	5.2-12.6	8.5	0.6-1.7	1.2	ND	ND
咖啡因 Caffeine	17.4-35.2	24.7	3.3-5.8	5.3	0.7-2.1	1.5
卡马西平 Carbamazepine	0.6-1.4	1.0	ND	ND	ND	ND
避蚊胺 DEET	4.4-10.7	6.5	0.7-1.3	0.9	ND	ND

目标PPCPs Target PPCPs	进厂水 Influent water		出厂水 Effluent water		管网水 Tap water
目标PPCPs Target PPCPs	范围 Rang/(ng∙L^-1)	平均值 Average value/(ng∙L^-1)	范围 Rang/(ng∙L^-1)	平均值 Average value/(ng∙L^-1)	范围 Rang/(ng∙L^-1)	平均值 Average value/(ng∙L^-1)
磺胺甲恶唑 Sulfamethoxazole	0.2-4.2	3.5	ND	ND	ND	ND
磺胺二甲嘧啶 Sulfamethazine	0.8-09	0.8	ND	ND	ND	ND
甲氧苄氨嘧啶 Trimethoprim	0.6-0.7	0.7	ND	ND	ND	ND
红霉素 Erythromycin	5.2-12.6	8.5	0.6-1.7	1.2	ND	ND
咖啡因 Caffeine	17.4-35.2	24.7	3.3-5.8	5.3	0.7-2.1	1.5
卡马西平 Carbamazepine	0.6-1.4	1.0	ND	ND	ND	ND
避蚊胺 DEET	4.4-10.7	6.5	0.7-1.3	0.9	ND	ND

目标PPCPs target PPCPs	进厂水 Influent water		出厂水 Effluent water		管网水 Tap water
目标PPCPs target PPCPs	范围 Rang/(ng∙L^-1)	平均值 Average value/(ng∙L^-1)	范围 Rang/(ng∙L^-1)	平均值 Average value/(ng∙L^-1)	范围 Rang/(ng∙L^-1)	平均值 Average value/(ng∙L^-1)
磺胺甲恶唑 Sulfamethoxazole	0.2-4.8	3.7	ND	ND	ND	ND
磺胺二甲嘧啶 Sulfamethazine	0.8-1.0	0.8	ND	ND	ND	ND
甲氧苄氨嘧啶 Trimethoprim	0.6-1.1	0.8	ND	ND	ND	ND
红霉素 Erythromycin	5.5-13.5	8.8	ND	ND	ND	ND
咖啡因 Caffeine	16.8-37.4	25.2	0.4-7.5	3.3	ND	ND
卡马西平 Carbamazepine	0.5-1.7	1.1	ND	ND	ND	ND
避蚊胺 DEET	4.9-11.5	6.7	ND	ND	ND	ND

某市水源水及净水厂中药品和个人护理品（PPCPs）的分布、含量和去除规律

Concentration, Distribution and Fate of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) for Drinking Water Systems in A City

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