生态环境学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (7): 1317-1325.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2022.07.004

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于地理探测器的宁夏植被覆盖度时空变化特征及其驱动因子分析

李梦华1,2(), 韩颖娟1,2,*(), 赵慧1,2, 王云霞1,2   

  1. 1.中国气象局旱区特色农业气象灾害监测预警与风险管理重点实验室,宁夏 银川 750002
    2.宁夏气象防灾减灾重点实验室,宁夏 银川 750002
  • 收稿日期:2022-04-22 出版日期:2022-07-18 发布日期:2022-08-31
  • 通讯作者: *韩颖娟(1981年生),女,高级工程师,硕士,主要从事生态气象与卫星遥感应用技术研究。E-mail: yjhan1050@126.com
  • 作者简介:李梦华(1992年生),女,助理工程师,硕士,主要从事生态气象与卫星遥感应用技术研究。E-mail: lmh21Lucky@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    宁夏自然科学基金项目(2022AAC03681);宁夏自然科学基金项目(2018AAC03206);2022年中国气象局旱区特色农业气象灾害监测预警与风险管理重点实验室青年培养项目

Analysis on Spatial-temporal Variation Characteristics and Driving Factors of Fractional Vegetation Cover in Ningxia Based on Geographical Detector

LI Menghua1,2(), HAN Yingjuan1,2,*(), ZHAO Hui1,2, WANG Yunxia1,2   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory for Meteorological Disaster Monitoring and Early Warning and Risk Management of Characteristic Agriculture in Arid Regions, CMA, Yinchuan 750002, P. R. China
    2. Ningxia Key Laboratory for Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Reduction, Yinchuan 750002, P. R. China
  • Received:2022-04-22 Online:2022-07-18 Published:2022-08-31

摘要:

植被是联结大气圈、土壤圈、水圈和生物圈的重要纽带,分析植被覆盖度(Fractional Vegetation Cover,FVC)时空变化特征及其驱动因子在区域生态环境变化研究中具有重要意义。基于宁夏MOD13Q1 NDVI数据和同时期12个驱动因子数据,运用趋势分析法和地理探测器,分析宁夏2000—2020年植被覆盖度时空变化特征及驱动因子,并研究不同因子的交互作用。结果表明,21年来,宁夏植被覆盖度整体上呈增加趋势,其中植被覆盖度增加区域占比为81.79%,低、中低植被覆盖区面积占比减少,中、中高、高植被覆盖区面积占比增加,植被状况明显改善;在空间分布上呈现南北高、中部低的特征。地理探测器探测结果表明,宁夏植被覆盖度空间分布主要是气候、地形地貌和人类活动三大类因素共同作用的结果,其中年降水量、生长季均温、生长季降水量和海拔解释力较强;在年际变化中,气候因素对宁夏植被覆盖度的影响越来越大,而地形地貌因素的影响减弱。交互探测显示,各因子对宁夏植被覆盖度的影响呈现相互增强和非线性增强关系,其中,地形地貌和人类活动因素在与气候因素相互作用之后,解释力普遍提升;土地利用与生长季均温的交互作用对植被覆盖度空间分布的解释力最强,达到0.635。该研究有助于进一步认识宁夏植被覆盖情况,尤其是植被空间分布的影响机制。

关键词: 植被覆盖度, 驱动力, 地理探测器, 趋势分析, 时空变化

Abstract:

Vegetation provides important linkages within the atmosphere, pedosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere. It is of great significance to investigate the characteristics of spatial-temporal variations of fractional vegetation cover (FVC) and its driving factors in the study of regional ecological environment changes. Based on the MODIS NDVI data and 12 driving factors in the same period, the temporal and spatial variations in FVC of Ningxia from 2000 to 2020, and its driving factors as well as the interaction of different factors were analyzed using trend analysis method and geographical detector. The results showed that (1) FVC in Ningxia had presented an increasing trend over the past 21 years, as the proportion of areas with the increased FVC accounted for 81.79% of the total. Vegetation conditions had been significantly improved, with areas in the low, lower-middle FVC decreased and areas in the middle, medium-high and high FVC significantly increased. (2) The spatial distribution of FVC was high in the north and south and low in the middle. Geographical detector analysis indicated that the spatial distribution of FVC in Ningxia was mainly affected by climate, topography and human activities, among which annual precipitation, average temperature and precipitation in the growing season and altitude had strong explanatory power. (3) In the interannual change, the influence of climatic factors on FVC showed increasing importance, but the topography and the human activity factors showed less influence. The cross-detection demonstrated that the influences of all factors on FVC were mutually enhanced and showed nonlinear enhancement relationships. The explanatory power of landforms and human activities generally improved after interacting with climate factors, and interaction between land use and average temperature in the growing season had the strongest explanatory power on the spatial distribution of FVC, with q of 0.635. This study provides further understanding of the vegetation coverage in Ningxia, especially the influencing mechanism of vegetation spatial distribution.

Key words: fractional vegetation cover, driving forces, geographical detector, trend analysis, spatial-temporal change

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